CHAPTER 14 endocrine

Dia/betes literally means"

though/passing

what is a diabetes condition that forms during pregnancy

gestational diabetes

with hypoparathyroidism, decreased secretion of PTH results in:

muscle hyperexcitability

the inability to sleep is often caused by the lack of the pineal gland to secrete:

melatonin

the parathroid gland produces para/thormone, which regulates body calcium blood levels and prevents:

muscle spasms

how many hormones does the pituitary gland secrete?

8

when the thyroid produces too much thryoxine what results?

hyperthroidism

the anterior pituitary gland secretes which hormones?

LH, HGH, TSH and ACTH

what does the word part thymo- mean

soul or flowery

what does the word part hyalo- mean

glassy

the ___ is referred to as the master gland of the body because it secretes multiple hormones that influence multiple body functions

pituitary

what controls pituitary secretions, body temperature, hunger, thirst and libido

hypothalamus

the pituitary hormone that stimulates uterine contractions during female labor is

oxytocin

the pituitary lobe that secretes ACTH HGH and FSH is called the

anterior lobe

the ____ pitutitary lobe stores and releases anti/di/uret/ic hormone (ADH) and oxy/tocin

posterior

the thyroid hormone that regulates carbohydrate metabolism is:

thyroxine

the name of the hormone that helps to maintain the level of calcium in blood is:

parathormone

the hormone that helps the body deal with stress is:

epinephrine

the compound term poly/dips/ia means

excessive thirst

located in front of the lower voice box and upper trachea the gland is the largest endocrine gland and is shaped like a shield

thyroid

the four small dime-sized glands that lie directly upon and behind the thyroid glands are the ____ glands

parathyroid

the endocrine glands located above each kidney and which are divided into 2 portions called the medulla and the cortex are the:

adrenals

the hormone that plays an important role in the control of blood sugar level and prevents hyperglycemia is:

insulin

what is the state of under-production of thyroxine from the thyroid gland

hypothyroidism

pan/creas literally means:

all/fleshy

what is a result of the pituitary producing too much growth hormone?

acromegaly

the medical term endo/crin/olog/ist actually means:

specialist in the science and study of glands of internal secretion

the diagnostic term for a chronic disease caused by underactivity of the pancreatic beta cells in the Islets of langerhans is:

diabetes mellitus

another term used to refer to addison's disease is:

hypoadrenocorticism

what is caused by adrenal cortex hypersecretion

cushing's syndrome

what does the adrenal gland produce?

epinephrine and corticosterone

_ causes increased pigmentation of the skin and mucous membranes

addison's disease

the term given to substances secreted by endo/crine glands that means to urge on is:

hormone

what is an enlargement of the thyroid that may be caused by lack of iodine inflammation induced by an infection tumors hyperthryoidism or hypothyroidism

goiter

the ____ controls sexual development and the development of sperm

testicles

what gland is essential for development of T-cells?

thymus

dwarfism simmonds' disease hypogonadism and sheehans syndrome all are caused by

hypopituitarism

type 1 diabetes is

an absolute insulin deficiency

exopthalmia refers to

eyes bulging outward

the word part gyneco- means

woman

the word part galacto means

milk