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What is pyroclastic flow?
A fast-moving (average speed of 100km/h) cloud of super-heated rock, ash, dust and gas that is deadly
What is remote sensing and GIS?
Remote sensing is the technique of collecting data about the Earth’s surface using aerial or satellite sensors.
GIS (geographic information systems) analyses and presents this information in a visual way by layering data to find correlations.
This advanced remote sensing is often expensive so can only be afforded by high income countries
How did Japan respond in the short-term to the 2011 earthquake and tsunami?
The Government:
→ set up shelters in schools and sports halls
→ provided emergency supplies such as food
NGOs:
→ Japanese Red Cross mobilised 230 emergency response teams
→ 1500 shelter boxes were made and sent to Japan
International help:
→ Countries such as the UK sent out search and rescue teams and provided shelter boxes
How did Nepal respond in the short-term to the 2015 earthquake?
The Government:
→ The GIS tool “Crisis mapping” was used to coordinate the response.
→ Temporary housing was provided, including ‘Tent city’ in Kathmandu.
International help:
→ China and India committed over $1 billion to helping the country recover
→ The Asian Development Bank provided Nepal with $200 million for rehabilitation
→ The UK sent over 100 search and rescue responders, medical experts, and disaster and rescue experts to Nepal
How did Nepal respond in the long-term to the 2015 earthquake?
A new government taskforce was created to help deal with future earthquakes.
Areas were zoned to assess damage.
People are now being educated across Nepal to do earthquake drills.
Short-term impacts of the 2015 Earthquake in Nepal:
8000 people died
17000 people were injured
Worst earthquake (7.8 magnitude) in Nepal in more than 80 years
Long-term impacts of the 2015 Earthquake in Nepal:
$10 billion of infrastructure damage
Lost harvests led to lower crop yields
Hundreds of thousands of people were made homeless
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