13. Preventive, control & eradication measures at infectious diseases of dogs & cats. Epizootiological & epidemiological activities in disease reporting & protection of state territory & transport of animals. Registration of companion animals. Pet passports.

What is the basis of prevention and control of infectious diseases in veterinary medicine?

Specific immune-prophylaxis

What percentage of animal population immunisation is needed to rapidly decrease infection risk?

50%

What are some qualities of good vaccines?

Strong, long-lived immune response, safety for target animals and humans, acceptable cost

What is a priority of any effective disease prevention strategy?

Protection of country territory against the introduction of animal diseases, especially exotic or zoonotic ones

What must animals have to be certified fit for travel?

Certification by a vet in the country of origin that they are free from disease

What does the timing of vaccination schedules depend on?

Housing environment and epizootiology situation of exporting and importing countries

What are some other preventative measures for infectious diseases?

Isolation of infected animals, strict hygiene

What is the difference between isolation and quarantine?

1. Isolation: sick animals

2. Quarantine: seemingly healthy animals

What are some requirements for animals entering a territory to protect against diseases?

1. Pet passport

2. Animal ID (microchip, tattoo)

3. Treatments and preventative measures (vaccinations, deworming)

4. Health certificate (containing results of relevant tests)

5. Quarantine period

Who needs to be notified during a disease outbreak?

Depending on the country or territory, different authorities, and WOAH for certain diseases

What are examples of WOAH notifiable diseases?

1. Rabies

2. Aujeszky’s

3. Echinococcosis

4. Tularaemia

5. Q fever

6. Leishmania

7. Brucella abortus

What are some methods of companion animal registration and identification?

1. Microchipping: mandatory in some countries

2. Tattooing: not accepted in some countries (IE, UK)

3. Central registers: contain microchip numbers and owner information

4. Passport: include microchip number, identifying information about the animal, owner information, vaccines, deworming, health checks

What is important to consider when vaccinating against rabies, regarding identification?

Microchipping must be performed before the rabies vaccination - Or else you must vaccinate again after chipping

What are the dog core vaccines according to WSAVA 2024?

1. CDV (distemper)

2. CAV (hepatitis)

3. CPV (parvovirus)

4. Leptospirosis (if endemic)

5. Rabies (if endemic)

What are the dog non-core vaccines according to WSAVA 2024?

1. Lyme borreliosis

2. Parainfluenza virus

3. Bordetella bronchiseptica

4. Leishmania

What are the cat core vaccines according to WSAVA 2024?

1. Feline panleukopenia (FPV)

2. Feline herpesvirus/FHV

3. Feline calicivirus/FCV

4. FeLV (if endemic)

5. Rabies (if endemic)

What are the cat non-core vaccines according to WSAVA 2024?

1. Chlamydia

2. FIV

3. Bordetella

What is the waiting period required between rabies vaccination and travel?

21 days

What is the minimum titre required for a rabies blood test for travel?

0.5 IU/ml

When must tapeworm treatment be performed before scheduled arrival time when travelling?

24-120 hours. Must be recorded in passport, signed and stamped by a vet

(Not necessary if travelling from Ireland, Finland, Malta, or Norway)

What is a European pet passport?

A document following an EU standard model for travel between EU countries, containing pet details, microchip/tattoo code, rabies vaccination record, and owner/vet contact details

Who can issue a European pet passport?

Any authorised vet (permitted by relevant authorities)

How long is a pet passport valid?

For life, as long as the pet's rabies vaccination is in date

When are animals NOT vaccinated?

Pregnant, sick, on steroids/immunosuppressives

What is the standard length of time for quarantine?

21 days

What is the procedure for vaccinating animals with no vaccination history?

Start vaccines again

What does a state veterinarian do at a shelter?

SNAP tests, and other tests for disease diagnosis and monitoring