Topic 3 - Intro to Biological Macromolecules

What are the common chemical functional groups that are part of biological molecules and how did they affect the function and interactions of those molecules?

hydroxyl, carboxyl, amino, phosphate, carbonyl, sulfhydryl, methyl. Enable bonding, energy storage, enzyme activity, forming DNA, proteins, lipids, carbs

How do the subcomponents of biological molecules and their sequence determine the properties of that molecule?

through chemical interactions (hydrophobic, ionic, H-bonds) which determine its complex properties, shape, and biological function

What is a monomer?

small simple molecule that acts as a basic building block that can bond with many other identical or similar monomers to form a large chain - polymer

What is a polymer?

large molecule made of long chains of monomers

What happens during hydrolysis reactions?

a water molecule s

plits into a compound in two parts, with a hydrogen (H2O) joining one fragment and a hydroxyl (-OH) group joining another

breaks polymers down into monomers by adding a water molecule to break bonds

What happens during dehydration synthesis?

two smaller molecules (monomers) join to form a larger molecule by removing a water molecule, with a hydrogen from one molecule and a hydroxyl group from the other, combining to form water

linking monomers into polymers, releasing a water molecule for each bond formed