Seeley's Anatomy & Physiology 11th ed Chapter 10

1. Skeletal muscles

extend from one bone to another bone.

2. The sternocleidomastoid muscle extends from the mastoid process of the temporal bone to the sternum and medial clavicle. When both sternocleidomastoid muscles contract, the head is flexed. The end of the muscle that connects to the sternum is the

origin.

3. When a skeletal muscle contracts to cause a given movement, the more movable end of attachment of the muscle is termed its

insertion.

4. When you "pull your tummy in" and compress your abdomen, you use the rectus abdominis, external abdominal oblique, internal abdominal oblique, and transversus abdominis muscles. This is an example of muscles working as

synergists.

5. The insertion is

the end of the muscle where the action occurs.

6. The origin is

the stationary end of the muscle.

7. A synergist is

a group of muscles that work together to cause movement.

8. The prime mover is

the muscle that does most of the movement.

9. An antagonist is

a muscle working in opposition to another muscle.

10. Muscles that have their fasciculi arranged like barbs of a feather along a common tendon are called

pennate.

11. The muscle shape that has the capacity to shorten to the greatest degree is

straight.

12. The type of muscle that functions as a sphincter is

orbicular.

13. The type of muscle that can contract with the greatest force is the

pennate

14. The adductor longus is named for its

function and size.

15. The brachioradialis is named for its

origin and insertion.

16. Which of the following muscles is named for its shape?

trapezius

17. Which of the following muscles is named for its location?

quadriceps femoris

18. In the body's lever systems, the

joint represents the fulcrum point.

19. Which of the following represents a class I lever system?

hyperextension of the head

20. The flexion of the elbow represents a

class III lever system.

21. Contracting the right sternocleidomastoid muscle would

rotate the head toward the left.

22. Contracting the trapezius muscle would

extend and laterally flex the neck.

23. Which of the following muscles does NOT extend the neck?

longus capitis

24. Of the following muscles of the head, which one wraps around the orbits?

orbicularis oculi

25. Raising the eyebrows is the action of the \_____ muscles.

occipitofrontalis

26. Well developed mentalis muscles result in

a dimple in the chin.

27. Closing or puckering the lips is the action of the \_____ muscle.

orbicularis oris

28. Facial muscles are unusual in that they

insert and sometimes originate on skin and connective tissue.

29. Which of the following muscles is involved in chewing gum?

masseter

30. The orbicularis oculi muscle

causes crow's feet wrinkles.

31. The orbicularis oris muscle

puckers the mouth for kissing.

32. The zygomaticus major muscle

contributes to laughing and smiling.

33. The levator palpebrae superioris muscle

raises the eyelid.

34. The depressor anguli oris muscle

contributes to pouting.

35. Muscles that elevate the jaw and close the mouth include the

masseter and medial pterygoid.

36. The digastric muscle is involved in

opening the mouth.

37. When you say "ah" and stick out your tongue, which muscle do you use?

genioglossus

38. Muscles that change the shape of the tongue are called

intrinsic muscles.

39. In order to stabilize the hyoid so that the larynx can be elevated in swallowing, the \_____ muscle group is used.

suprahyoid

40. Which of the following muscles is involved in swallowing?

palatopharyngeus

41. Contraction of the inferior rectus muscle directs the pupil to look

down.

42. In order for both eyes to direct their gaze to the right, which of the following muscles are used?

right lateral rectus & left medial rectus

43. In humans

back muscles are strong to maintain erect posture.

44. What back muscle originates on the vertebral spinous processes?

interspinales

45. Which back muscle extends the head?

longissimus capitis

46. Which back muscle inserts on the ribs and vertebrae?

erector spinae

47. Which back muscle extends and rotates the vertebral column?

multifidus

48. Which muscle flexes the vertebral column?

psoas minor

49. The major movement produced during quiet breathing is accomplished by the

diaphragm.

50. Which of the following muscles contracts during forced expiration?

internal intercostals

52. The abdominal muscle that has its origin at the pubic crest and symphysis pubis is the

rectus abdominis.

53. Which abdominal wall muscle inserts on the xiphoid process and the linea alba?

transversus abdominis

54. Which abdominal wall muscle originates on the iliac crest and the lower lumbar vertebrae?

quadratus lumborum

55. Which abdominal wall muscle is the most superficial of the oblique muscles?

external abdominal oblique

56. Which abdominal wall muscle inserts on the 10th to 12th ribs and rectus sheath?

internal abdominal oblique

57. Damage to the muscle called the levator ani would result in

difficult defecation and decreased support for the pelvic viscera.

58. The pelvic diaphragm is formed by the

levator ani and coccygeus muscles.

59. Which of the following muscles moves the scapula?

trapezius

60. Which muscle will elevate the scapula?

levator scapulae

61. Which muscle rotates and protracts the scapula, and elevates the ribs?

serratus anterior

62. Which muscle retracts, rotates, and fixes the scapula?

rhomboideus major

63. Which muscle fixes the clavicle or elevates the first rib?

subclavius

64. Which muscle will depress the scapula or elevate the ribs?

pectoralis minor

65. Which of the following muscles of the chest has its insertion on the humerus?

pectoralis major

66. The arm is attached to the thorax by the

latissimus dorsi and pectoralis major.

67. Which of the following muscles is part of the rotator cuff?

infraspinatus

68. The rotator cuff muscles

hold the head of the humerus in the glenoid fossa of the scapula.

69. A tennis player complains of severe pain in the shoulder when serving or returning an overhead volley. Which of the rotator cuff muscles is probably damaged?

supraspinatus

70. The infraspinatus

laterally rotates the arm.

71. Raising your arm to shoulder level is accomplished almost entirely by the

deltoid.

72. The teres major and teres minor are not involved in

flexion and abduction of the arm.

73. All of the following muscles are rotators of the arm. Which is a lateral rotator of the arm?

deltoid

74. If a man exercises by doing push-ups every day, he would strengthen or enlarge which of the following muscles?

triceps brachii

75. The anconeus works with the triceps brachii to

extend the forearm.

76. Which of the following muscles extends the forearm and has its insertion on the ulna?

triceps brachii

77. Supination of the forearm and hand is accomplished by the

biceps brachii and supinator.

78. Which of the following is found in the posterior group of forearm muscles?

abductor pollicis longus

79. The muscles of the anterior group of forearm muscles are primarily

flexors.

80. Which of the following muscles flexes the wrist?

flexor carpi radialis

81. A muscle that extends both the wrist and the index finger is the

extensor indicis.

82. Of the following muscles of the forearm, which one rotates the forearm to turn the palm upwards?

supinator

83. The radial pulse can be felt just lateral to the tendon of the

flexor carpi radialis.

84. The extensor pollicis brevis moves the

thumb.

85. The thenar muscles are involved in controlling the \____; the hypothenar muscles control the \____.

thumb; little finger

86. In order to put on a glove, the fingers are abducted by hand muscles called the

dorsal interossei.

87. If a person drums their fingers on the table, they would be using which of the following muscles?

flexor digitorum profundus

88. Flexion of the hip is a movement produced by the

psoas major and iliacus.

89. The gluteus maximus

accounts for a sprinter's stance.

90. The largest buttocks muscle is the

gluteus maximus.

91. A common site for injections is the

gluteus medius.

92. When an intramuscular injection is given in the anterior aspect of the thigh, the injection is in the

rectus femoris.

93. Which of the following is a part of the quadriceps femoris muscle group?

vastus lateralis

94. The biceps femoris is part of the

hamstrings.

95. The muscle that is used to cross the legs is the

sartorius.

96. Which of the following muscles would be considered an antagonist to the rectus femoris?

biceps femoris

97. Of the following muscles of the thigh, which one is on the posterior side?

biceps femoris

98. Of the following muscles of the thigh, which one is NOT part of the quadriceps group?

biceps femoris

99. Of the following muscles of the thigh, which one does NOT pull the leg forward?

biceps femoris

100. Of the following muscles of the leg, which one is on the anterior side of the leg?

tibialis anterior

101. The term "shin splints" is applied to

stress fractures of the fibula 2 to 5 cm distal to the knee.