1 - ADR

Inscription

Inscription

1. Heart of Prescription

Inscription

2. Part of prescription containing the medication and quantity

Transcription

2. Instruction to the patient

Subscription

3. Instruction to the pharmacist

Superscription

4. Rx Symbol

Adverse Drug Events

5. Any injury caused by a medicine or lack of intended function

Pharmacovigilance

6. Detection, assessment, and prevention of adverse drug effects in humans

Adverse Drug Reaction

7. Any unexpected, unintended, undesired, or excessive response to a drug, with or without an “injury”

Side effect

8. Any unintended effect of a pharmaceutical product occurring at doses normally used by the patient which is related to the pharmacological properties of the drug

1 teaspoon 4x a day after meal & bedtime

Interpret:

9. 1 tsp qid pc et hs

take 2 500mg cap of amoxicillin immediately then 1 cap every 8hrs for 7days

Interpret:

10. 2 Amoxicillin 500 mg. cap STAT then 1 cap q8h x 7d

Mix and make ointment. Dispense 10g

Interpret:

11. M. et ft. ung. Disp. 10 g.

take 1 cotrimoxazole (bactrim) tab every 6hr around the clock for UTI

Interpret:

12. 1 Cotrimoxazole (Bactrim) tab q6h ATC for UTI

take 50mg of atenolol tablet orally 3x a day before meal and at bedtime

Interpret:

13. Atenolol 50 mg. tab po tid ac et hs

• PATIENT,

• REPORTER,

• DRUG,

• ADVERSE EXPERIENCE

4 basic Elements of pharmacovigilance:

high-alert medicine

digoxin & warfarin is an example of:

SALAD (sound alike-look alike)

Atenolol & Allupurinol is an example of:

Pediatrics & Geriatrics,

Which of the ff are at the risk of toxicity?

Pediatrics, Geriatrics, Adults

↓BSA

females w/ __ BSA at risk of slow GIT, less enzymatic reactions, slow GFR, & prone to sickness

myocardial infarction

Males are prone to

Caucasian, Egyptian, African

Races that are slow acetylators:

Asian, Eskemos

Races that are fast acetylators:

toxicity

slow acetylators are prone to

ineffectivity

fast acetylators are prone to

Retinopathy, Nephropathy, Neurpathy

DM Comorbidities:

HTN, Dyslipidemia, Myocardial Infarction

Obese comorbidities:

enzyme inducer

Smoking is an eznyme __

enzyme inhibitor

Alcoholic is an eznyme __

high dose

which of the ff is at risk of toxicity?

low dose or high dose

prolong duration

which of the ff is at risk of toxicity?

short duration or prolong duration

arrhythmia

digoxin can cause

severe bleeding

Warfarin can cause

heart problem

Combination of CCBs and Beta-blockers can cause

Acetaminophen (Paracetamol)

APAP

Aspirin (Acetylsalicylic Acid)

ASA

Isoniazid

INH

Potassium Iodide Saturated Solution

KISS

Normal Saline (0.9%)

NS

Nitroglycerin

NTG

Oral Dehydration Solution

ORS

Rifampicin + Isoniazid + Pyrazinamide + Ethambutol

RIPE/HRZE

Metered Dose Inhaler (corticosteroids; gargle)

MDI

Suppository

sup

Of each

aa

Up to

ad

mix

M.

make

ft.

Sufficient quantity

qc

by mouth

po

Nothing by mouth

NPO

Subcutaneously

SC/SQ

Sublingually

SL

IV push

IVP

IV piggyback

IVPB

Right ear

a.d

left ear

a.s

Both eyes

o2

Each eye

o.u

Twice a day

b.i.d

Once daily

OD or od

Every other day

q.o.d

Before meals

a.c

After meals

p.c

at pleasure; freely

Ad lib

Discontinue

Disc

Around the clock

ATC

As needed

PRN

immediately

STAT

ERRONEOUS PRESCRIPTION

What type of prescription error?

Brand name precedes Generic

ERRONEOUS PRESCRIPTION

What type of prescription error?

Generic name is in parenthesis

ERRONEOUS PRESCRIPTION

What type of prescription error?

Brand Name is not in parenthesis

VIOLATIVE PRESCRIPTION

What type of prescription error?

Generic name is not written

VIOLATIVE PRESCRIPTION

What type of prescription error?

Generic name is not legible, but brand name is legible

VIOLATIVE PRESCRIPTION

What type of prescription error?

Both are written, but w/ “no substitution

IMPOSSIBLE PRESCRIPTION

What type of prescription error?

Only generic name is written but not legible

IMPOSSIBLE PRESCRIPTION

What type of prescription error?

Generic name does not match w/ brand name

IMPOSSIBLE PRESCRIPTION

What type of prescription error?

Both written, but not legible

IMPOSSIBLE PRESCRIPTION

What type of prescription error?

Drug is not registered w/ DOH

filled and report to DOH

should it be filled or not?

erroneous prescription

do not fill & report to DOH

should it be filled or not?

violative prescription

do not fill & report to DOH

should it be filled or not?

impossible prescription

Prohibited Drugs

• v Opium (heroin and morphine)

• v Coca leaf (cocaine, α and β eucaine)  

• v Hallucinogenic drugs (eg. mescaline, LSD, etc)

• v Indian hemp

• v Other drugs with effects like narcotics

Regulated Drugs

• Sleep inducing sedatives (barbiturates)  

• Amphetamine (any salt or isomer; eg. Benzedrine or dexerine, or any drug which produces a pharmacologic action similar to amphetamine.

• Hypnotic drugs (Methaqualone, or any other compound producing similar pharmacologic effects)

S2 license

Dangerous drugs should be prescribed by practitioner with valid

1 DDP

Only __ DDP per Rx

Pharmacist

Special Prescription has triplicate copies, yellow is for

Patient

Special Prescription has triplicate copies, white is for

physician

Special Prescription has triplicate copies, blue is for