Eating Disorders

Anorexia Nervosa

ED characterized by maintaining extremely low body weight, distortions of body image, and intense fears of gaining weight

Restricting Anorexia

During anorexic episode, person has not regularly engaged in binge-eating or purging behavior

Binge-eating/Purging Anorexia

During episode, person regularly engaged in binge-eating or purging behaviors such as inducing vomiting, misusing laxative, etc

Bulimia Nervosa

ED characterized by binge eating followed by self induced purging, puring is a compensatory behavior to purging to prevent weight gain

Multidimensional Risk Theory

ED's come from sociocultural, cognitive, and biological factors

Sociocultural Factors

Being shy, lacking support, view themseleves as less socially skilled, media influences, and pressure towards strict dieting

Emneshed Family Pattern

Family members over-involvement in other's affairs leads to feeling a lack of control so ED provides outlet for maladaptive control

Transdiagnostic Model

Low self-esteem increases risk of over-evaluation of body which leads to negative eating behaviors and in some cases eating disorder

Distortion of Body Image

People with ED overestimate their physical size, measured by presenting picture of self and having them adjust to their view

Biological Factors

Imbalance in serotonin levels which can affect depression and lead to excessive emotional response to weight issues, also regulates mood and appetite

CBT

Goal to establish autonomy and personal control, break perfectionist thoughts, eliminate emphasis on weight as index of self-worth

Exposure Therapy

Trains response prevention similar to OCD, works to break obsessive desire to binge when exposed to food

Common Therapies

Family based therapy, interpersonal psycotherapy, group therapy, SSRI's; relapse rate still high

Binge Eating Disorder

Involves recurrent binge eating episodes along with feelings of lack of control during episodes, no compensatory behaviors present

Biological Theory

Genetic predispositions may exist for eating disorders, also potential for issues within the hypothalamus to cause ED

Cognitive Theory

Variant of OCD, obsession with body shape and weight are driving factors for ED

Sociocultural Theory

Heavy emphasis on thinness from society drives, especially in areas with an abundance of food

Interpersonal Therapy

Goal of improving functioning in those with Ed by addressing social isolation and self-esteem problems that contribute to ED

IPT Phase 1

Engaging the pateint in treatment and providing education over disease and treatment program, includes identifying problems

IPT Phase 2

Focus on problem solving interpersonal issues, once issues are identified clinician works with patient to spark change

IPT Phase 3

Goal is to ensure consistency within implemented changes to promote long term results