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These flashcards cover the key terms and concepts from the lecture on biomolecules, including definitions and examples.
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Biomolecules
Molecules produced by living organisms that perform a wide variety of functions.
Carbohydrates
Most common organic molecule, serving as a primary energy source, and are chemically defined as polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones.
Lipids
Organic substances that are insoluble in water, used for energy storage, insulation, and make up cell membranes.
Proteins
Biomolecules that transport molecules, control chemical reactions, and are essential for growth and repair.
Nucleic Acids
Biomolecules that provide genetic information and hold instructions for protein synthesis.
Monosaccharide
Single sugar molecule, the simplest form of carbohydrates (e.g., glucose, fructose).
Disaccharide
Carbohydrate formed from two monosaccharides (e.g., maltose, sucrose).
Polysaccharide
Carbohydrates made up of three or more monosaccharides (e.g., starch, glycogen, cellulose).
Hydrophobic
Substances that do not dissolve in water, often characteristic of lipids.
Peptide bond
The bond formed between amino acids, linking them together to form proteins.