resp sys disease of cattle and goats- from lecture

Hypoxia-

is a condition in which the body or a region of the

body is deprived of adequate oxygen supply

types of hypoxia

1. Hypoxic hypoxia (inadequate oxygenation of blood result of insufficient oxygen available to the lungs)

2. Anemic hypoxia (deficiency of hemoglobin)

3. Circulatory hypoxia (inadequate perfusion of tissue by blood)

Hypoxic hypoxia

inadequate oxygenation of blood result of insufficient oxygen available to the lungs

Anemic hypoxia (deficiency of hemoglobin)

(deficiency of hemoglobin)

Circulatory hypoxia

inadequate perfusion of tissue by blood

Hypoxemia-

decreased level of oxygen in the blood

Respiratory failure-

animal cannot maintain normal tension of oxygen and carbon dioxide in blood (decreased concentration of oxygen, increased concentration of CO2)

Dyspnea-

respiratory effort and distress due to air hunger

( does not increase breathing instead means when animal is having difficulty breathing ex largg abd effort

Polypnea-

increased of respiration

physiological in calves following birth

tachyapnea

as polypnea with shallow respration

Hyperpnea-

increased volume of air inhaled per minute but

without distress

exam of resp sys- description of animal

newborn calf

• aspiration pneumonia when in labour for too long- physiolog

• may occur patholog if big whole in milk feeder

1 month calf

adult cow

• aspir pneum → owner giving ca chloride PO trying to prevent patrient paresis/ ketosis

lamb

sheep/ goats

• lung worm common → v resistant to treatment

exam of resp sys- history taking

vacc (IBR< PI3, BVD, BRSV)

deworming

feeding

bedding

bad quality may cont mould/ fungus = pneumoina

colostrum intake

qauntit

vol

how soon after birth- if too late wont absp igG

isolation of sick animals

new animal in herd

staff

exam of resp sys- Observation of:

The enviroment:

● Humidity, drafts, density of animals, quality of food, method of feeding,

The animal

● If is lying if has appetite..

● Contact with other animal

Respiratory noises

Sneezing-

Snorting-

Stridor-

Stretor-

Wheezing-

sneezing

sudden noisy expiration caused by nasal mucosae irritation

Snorting-

the vibration of respiratory structures and the resulting sound

due to obstructed air movement during breathing while sleeping.

Stridor-

inspiratory stenotic sound due to stenosis of upper respiratory

tract below or in larynx

Stretor-

deep sound caused by vibration of pharyngeal mucosa, or

above pharynx

Wheezing- high pitched sound due to norrowing of low part of

respiratory tract

high pitched sound due to norrowing of low part of

respiratory tract

any high pitches sound = narrowed airways => give bronchodilator

slide in coughin, nasal disch

slide 11

tools to examin resp sys

Endoscopy

● Radiography

● Ultarasonography

● Nasal swab

● Tracheal wash

● Bronchoalveoral lavage

● Thoracocentesis

● Pleuroscopy