Global Migration - key idea 1.

what is migration?

• movement of people across a specified boundary, national or international, to establish a new permanent place of residency

type of migration: primitive

• response to environmental conditions

type of migration: forced

• compulsory transfer of a group fo people, usually by government

type of migration: impelled

• similar to forced but they get to decide to move or not

type of migration: free

• individual movements for economic betterment

type of migration: mass

large numbers, entire communities moving without being fully informed on an individual basis of what to expect

innovative migration

immigrant undertakes a new way of life

conservative migration

• move preserves an accustomed way of life in new surroundings

what is a region?

• area of land that has common features that can be identifies by dialect, language, religion, industry or boundaries.

• features can also be natural as climate/landscape

internal migration (domestic)

human migration within a country

inter-regional migration

• movement from one region to a new region

intra-regional migration

migration within a region

Lee’s push-pull theory

The Lee migration model illustrates the push and pull factors, why a migrant might decide to leave one country and travel to another.

push factors in Lee’s migration model

• human factors: not enough jobs, few opportunities, political fear, slavery, poor medical care, loss of wealth, lack of freedom, pollution, poor housing

• physical factors: drought, famine, desertification, natural disasters

pull factors in Lee’s migration model

• employment opportunities, environment, good education, healthcare, democratically governed society

obstacles in Lee’s migration model

• Physical features: oceans, rivers, mountain ranges

• climatic factors; health; transport; and cultural factors such as language.

Main reasons for migration

• Employment opportunities

• Family reunification

• good healthcare + education

• political stability

• no natural disasters

Relationships between patterns of international migration and socio-economic development

• Migration can contribute to development; positive process for stability, economic growth and socio-economic change

• Inequalities in levels of development can be a cause of migration

How can global migration promote stability growth and development within and between countries?

• migrant remittances

• returning migrants having acquired new ideas and values

• youthful migrants in an ageing population = pop growth

• GDP boosted by working migrants

• migrants can fill skill gaps and stimulate economies

• multiplier effect

How global migration causes inequalities, conflicts and injustices for people and places through unequal flows of people and money

Migrant flows are spatially uneven. Globally the South-North and South-South migrations are dominant.