Safety NCLEX

Under which circumstances would the nurse wear a gown?

A. The patient's hygiene is poor.

B.The nurse is assisting with medication administration.

C.The patient has acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) or hepatitis.

D.Blood or body fluids may get on the nurse's clothing from a task that he or she plans to perform. (Correct)

The nurse is caring for a patient who has a respiratory infection. The nurse understands that an infection occurs in a cycle and involves several elements. Which elements are included in the chain of infection? Select all that apply.

A. An infectious agent (correct)

B.A vaccine schedule

C.Source of pathogen growth (correct)

D.A clean surrounding

E. A susceptible host (correct)

A 47-year-old patient has arrived at the clinic after accidentally cutting his forearm with a pair of scissors. Which clinical manifestations would the nurse expect to see indicating a local inflammation? Select all that apply.

Swelling (correct)

Redness (correct)

Pain (correct)

Anorexia

Vomiting

The nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about the normal defense mechanisms of the body against infections. Which statements are true about the skin as a primary defense against infections? Select all that apply.

It provides a barrier to microorganisms. (correct)

It helps in removing organisms when they adhere to outer layers of the skin. (correct)

Sweat decreases the likelihood of infection because its low pH decreases bacterial growth. (correct)

It helps in washing away particles containing microorganisms.

It contains microbial inhibitors.

Which precaution is the most effective way to break the chain of infection?

Hand hygiene (correct)

Wearing gloves

Placing patients in isolation

Providing private rooms for patients

A 56-year-old immigrant patient has severe productive cough. The patient is diagnosed with tuberculosis (TB) and is placed in an isolation room. Which possible reasons require this action? Select all that apply.

To perform a chest x-ray

To restrict the patient's movement (correct)

To provide intravenous fluids

To prevent patient's exposure to other infections

To prevent the spread of infection (correct)

Which order should the nurse follow when removing personal protective equipment following a surgical procedure?

Gloves, eyewear, gown, mask (correct)

Mask, gown, eyewear, gloves

Gown, mask, eyewear, gloves

Which standard precautionary measure would the nurse follow as a part of medical asepsis?

Sterilization

A special N95 respirator

Proper catheter insertion

Appropriate hand hygiene (correct)

The nurse educator is teaching a group of student nurses about infections and the body's defense mechanisms. Which statement made by the student nurse indicates effective learning?

"All infectious agents have the same shapes and sizes."

"Inflammation is the establishment of a pathogen from an infectious agent." (correct)

"Asepsis is being free from or preventing contact with disease-causing microorganisms." (correct)

"Infection is the invasion of disease-causing and non-disease-causing organisms in a susceptible host."

Which patient is most at risk of acquiring health care-associated infections?

30-year-old

40-year-old

50-year-old (correct) (post abdominal surgery)

60-year-old

The nurse works in a hospital. Which precautions are necessary to help prevent health care-associated infections? Select all that apply.

Frequently irrigate urinary catheters.

Insert drug additives to IV fluids.

Ensure a closed urinary catheter drainage system. (correct)

Change the IV access site if inflamed. (correct)

Use aseptic technique when suctioning the airway. (correct)

A nurse is planning discharge instructions for a patient diagnosed with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Which statement made by the patient about the virus would indicate effective teaching?

The virus cannot spread through sexual contact."

"The virus can spread through feces only when I have symptoms of the disease."

"The virus can be spread to another person by contact with body fluids." (correct)

"The virus can cause Rocky Mountain spotted fever."

The nurse is caring for a group of patients. Which patients have diseases from blood-borne pathogens? Select all that apply.

Female with hepatitis B (correct)

Male with hepatitis C (correct)

Female with Clostridium difficile

Male with human immunodeficiency virus (correct)

Female with vancomycin-resistant enterococci

The nurse is caring for a patient with Clostridium difficile diarrhea. How can Clostridium difficile infection be transmitted?

Vehicle (correct)

Droplet

Airborne