Gross Anatomy of Bone

diaphysis

shaft of a long bone composed of compact bone

epiphysis

end of a long bone composed of spongy bone

periosteum

membrane covering the diaphysis of a long bone

articular cartilage

hyaline cartilage attached to epiphyseal bone surfaces

epiphyseal line

in adults; remnant of epiphyseal plate

epiphyseal plate

cartilaginous area at the ends of long bones where lengthwise growth takes place in the immature skeleton

medullary cavity

cavity within the shaft of the long bones filled with yellow bone marrow

red bone marrow

produces red and white blood cells and platelets

yellow bone marrow

stores fat

ligament

connects bone to bone

tendon

connects muscle to bone

compact bone

Hard, dense bone tissue

spongy bone

porous bone found in the epiphyseal regions of long bones; red bone marrow is found in the spaces

long bones

bones of the arms and legs

Compact bone

short bones

bones of the wrist and ankles

Cube-shaped

Spongy bone

flat bones

bones of the ribs, shoulder blades and skull

Spongy bone sandwiched between compact bone

irregular bones

bones of the vertebrae and face and hips

What are the 5 bone functions?

1. Support

2. Protection

3. Movement

4. Storage

5. Blood cell formation