1. HOA- ARCC HOA 1 AND 2 (SPEEDRUN)

megalith

Giant monoliths in prehistoric society

dolmen

Literally means stone table and used as grave sites

stonehenge

Best known stone circle in Wiltshire, England

skara brae

Oldest neolithic settlement to date in Europe

Gobekli Tepe

Oldest sanctuary or place of worship in the world

jericho

oldest city in the world

tumulus

Prehistoric mound used as a grave site

wigwam

Native American domical structure made up of organic materials

tipi

Native American conical structure made up of stretched animal skin

cahokia mounds

Prehistoric truncated earthen mounds in Illinois, USA

central america

The Olmec, Mayan, Toltec, and Aztec cultures flourished in

paleolithic period

Prehistoric age when early men hunted and gathered food and lived in rock shelters

temple pyramids

Common among the Olmec, Mayan, Toltec and Aztec cultures was the development of

mesopotamia

Land between the rivers Tigris and Euphrates

cuneiform

Considered as the earliest form of writing in Sumer

temple of ur

Temple pyramid built in Mesopotamia

harem

In an Assyrian palace, this space was reserved for the prince and his family

caravanserai

Lodging for a caravan in ancient Assyria

mastaba

Precursor or antecedent of the pyramid as a burial site in ancient Egypt

imhotep

Architect of the Step Pyramid of Zoser in Sakkara

Ceneferu

before the true pyramid came there was the bent pyramid of

hypostyle hall

Space characterized by columns supporting the ceiling

papyrus

Plant used for making paper in Egypt

Temple of Amun in Karnak

Most imposing temple complex in Egypt

Intercolumniation

Distance between columns in a classical temple

crepidoma

The columns in a Greek temple rest on a series of steps known as

doric

The simplest of the Classical Orders of architecture

acropolis

Sacred precinct in Athens located on a hill and home to the Parthenon

caryatid

Female column

canephora

Female column with a basket on top of the head

tholos

Circular classical temple

golden ratio

Mathematical relationship used in sacred geometry especially in art and architecture

arris

Resulting line caused by the intersection of two flutes in a column

bouleuterion

Greek council house

composite column

Architectural order that combines the Ionic and the Corinthian elements

octastyle pseudoperipteral

Temple with eight columns in front and columns at the longitudinal sides attached to the cella walls

pozzolan

Volcanic ash used by the Romans in concrete work

vitruvius

Roman engineer and architect who wrote De Architectura

aqueduct

Roman arcuated structure that brought water from the countryside to urban areas

circus

Roman structure for chariot racing

acropolis

Sacred citadel in Athens

via appia

First street constructed in Rome that led to the different parts of the Roman Empire

colosseum

Gladiatorial fights in Rome were held in the

forum

The Roman agora

tuscan, composite

Roman Classical orders

basilica

The Early Christian church followed the ___ plan.

feudalism

The rise of ___ in Europe during the Medieval period saw the construction of autonomous or petty kingdoms and castle architecture.

moorish

The Alhambra in Spain is characteristic of ___ style A.

Filippo Brunelleschi

First Renaissance architect

Churrigueresque

Elaborate form of Baroque found in Spain and Portugal

mannerism

Transition style from Renaissance to Baroque

victorian period

Historical revivalism in architecture was the trend during the

Perpendicular period

The English Gothic style where very high walls are integrated with soaring stained glass windows

Inigo Jones

He introduced the Renaissance in England.

Thomas Jefferson

Monticello by ___ exemplifies American Neoclassical architecture

rococo

This style is characterized by pastel colors and a lot of gilding

bauhaus

Early 20th century influential school in the field of fine arts, industrial design and architecture

niemeyer

The brise soleil or the sun breaker is an architectural element introduced by

Eero Saarinen

The plasticity of thin shell reinforced concrete was playfully explored by

Postmodernism

Characterized by modern architecture infused with elements of the historical styles

beijing china

The "Birds Nest" Olympic Stadium is found in

marina bay sands

Moshe Safdie Architects designed

I.M. Pei

Architect of the Bank of China Tower in Hong Kong

Art Nouveau

Style defined by curvilinear sinuous lines with naturalistic tendrils evoking foliate motifs

burnham

Chicago architect and planner who promoted the City Beautiful movement

pendentives

Byzantine contribution to dome building construction

mission style

Style characterized by elements inspired by the Hispanic and Native american cultures and distinctly found in the United States

Prairie house

American architectural style usually used for dwellings, characterized by distinct Japanese influence, horizontality, free flowing spaces, hipped roofs with broad eaves

FLW

Promoter of USONIA architecture

DE STIJL

Dutch artistic movement influenced by Cubism