Ap Gov: Unit 1 - Foundations of American Democracy

Limited Government

A principle of constitutional government; a government whose powers are defined and limited by a constitution. (Ex: The lawmaking process is limited and designed for gridlock so the branches of government in the United States can discuss, debate, and rewrite legislation before being fully passed.)

pluralist democracy

Nongovernmental groups organize to try to exert influence on political decision-making. These groups are called interest groups and are usually organizations like labor unions or gun advocates.

elite democracy

elected representatives make decisions and act as trustees for the people who elected them.

Republicanism

A philosophy of limited government with elected representatives serving at the will of the people. The government is based on consent of the governed.

Federalism

The balance of power among a central, national authority and state or regional authorities- assures a limited government.

concurrent powers

Powers held jointly by the national and state governments.

categorical grants

congressional grants given to states and localities on the condition that expenditures be limited to a problem or group specified by law

block grants

Money from the national government that states can spend within broad guidelines determined by Washington

expressed powers

powers directly stated in the constitution

implied powers

Powers not specifically mentioned in the constitution