ki1: Lympstone and Toxteth

changing spaces making places key idea 1: contrasting place profiles

characteristics that make up the identity of a place

demography, built environment, demography, socio-economic, cultural, political, past + present connections

lympstone location

• village in East Devon, England

• known for picturesque setting along river Exe

demographic in Lympstone

• 98.9% white british

• 65.6% Christian

• 55.6% aged 16-64

• 24.6% over 65

socio-economy in Lympstone

• 66.1% own their homes

• low unemployment, high above-avg education + professional employment

• middle/upper-middle class, high income

culture in Lympstone

• strong sense of community + local traditions (furry dance)

• limited ethnic diversity, catered around British traditions

politics in Lympstone

• governance at parish level

• lean towards conservative views

built + natural characteristics in Lympstone

• historic architecture

• rural + coastal env. with access to natural features eg. Exe estuary

past connections with Lympstone

• 13th century, Lympstone was one of several small ports

• Maintained strong links with the sea as shipbuilding thrived into the 19th century

• Estuary used for fishing and the shellfish industry

• tourism in 1840s attracted wealthy families from Exeter

• railway in 1860s improved Lympstone's connectivity both regionally and nationally

present-day connections in Lympstone

• commuter village, strong transport connection to Exeter via roads (e.g M5)

• connected via railway station, bus services + proximity to Exeter airport

shifting flows in Lympstone

• influx of retirees and commuters

• influence housing market + local econ

• investment increased due to desirability

• preservation of natural resources for tourism + leisure

Toxteth location

• inner-city area in Liverpool, Merseyside

demographics in Toxteth

• ethnically diverse: South Asian, Afro-Caribbean, Middle Eastern descent communities

• 75.5% aged 16-64

• high birth rate, low elderly residents

socio-economy in Toxteth

• high deprivation, lower than avg income

• rented homes: 34.2%

• education levels are lower, high school leaver rates, fewer professionals

culture in Toxteth

• various cultural festivals, religious practices + ethnic businesses

• strong cultural heritage

• contributions to music, art + social activism

politics in Toxteth

• political activism + social movements

• representation within Liverpool Riverside constituency

• support Labour Party policies

build + natural environment in Toxteth

• urban environment, mix of victorian terraces + modern housing development

• green spaces eg Sefton Park for recreational activities

past connections with Toxteth

• hub for maritime trade during Liverpool’s peak

• transatlantic slave trade

• Industrial Revolution

• demands for space brought change in C19th

• very cheap housing

• middle-class residents moved to other greenfield sites

present connections in Toxteth

• connected via public transport eg. buses + trains

• close to Liverpool John Lennon Airport

shifting flows in Toxteth

• migration reshaped demographic

• urban regen. projects bring new investment, housing + infrastructure despite challenges

• influence of knowledge economy + cultural investments through EU funding, aimed to revitalise the area