Damage Control Coloring Book

6.1 Duties and Responsibilities of Divisional Damage Control Petty Officer (DCPO)

• Maintains DC duties as primary responsibilities

• Conducts all PMS on portable DC equipment in divisional spaces

• Supervises daily setting of specified material conditions within divisional spaces 

6.1 Duties and Responsibilities of Division Officers (DIVO)

• Assigns personnel to DC organizations on the Watch, Quarter, and Station Bill

• Ensures divisional personnel are assigned requisite DC PQS (Personnel Qualification Standard)

• Recommends a DCPO to the Department Head

• Ensures Compartment Check-Off Lists (CCOLs) are current, accurate, and posted

• Conducts spot checks of DC PMS (Preventative Maintenance System) 

6.1 Duties and Responsibilities of Damage Control Assistant (DCA)

• Submits all-hands DC training schedule to the Planning Board for Training (PB4T)

• Informs the Damage Control Officer 

     (DCO) of changes to DC equipment 

     status 

• Oversees training and qualifications 

     of repair lockers and Damage Control 

     Central (DCC) personnel

• Supervises training of all DCPOs

6.1 Duties and Responsibilities of Damage Control Officer (DCO)

• Maintains hull, machinery, and electrical systems in battle readiness

• Supervises firefighting and ensures Fire Bill adequacy

• Organizes and trains Repair 5 in accordance with the Battle Bill

• Acts as authorizing officer for use of installed ventilation for desmoking spaces after a fire is extinguished

6.1 Duties and Responsibilities of Department Heads

• Ensures optimum readiness within the department

• Ensures cooperative DC training with the DCA

• Provides required personnel for repair lockers and inport fire parties

• Ensures that personnel are qualified and assigned as Damage Control Petty Officers (DCPOs)

6.1 Duties and Responsibilities of Executive Officer (XO)

• Keeps the CO advised as to the status of the ship’s readiness

• Commands the Damage Control Training Team (DCTT)

  • DCTT is the shipboard train team responsible for training and self-assessing the crew’s response to damage control casualties.

• Gives final approval for DCPOs

• Heads PB4T

6.1 Duties and Responsibilities of Commanding Officer (CO)

• Responsible for the safety of the ship and the lives of the crew

• Ensures the command is adequately trained and continually exercised

• Maintains a full awareness of the adequacy and operability of all DC equipment

• Gives the order for Abandon Ship if necessary

6.2 Damage Control Repair Stations are located:

• Repair 3 (AFT)

• Repair 5 (ENG)

• Repair 2 (FWD)

6.2 Rapid Response Team (RRT)

• Proceeds directly to the scene of the casualty without full Fire Fighting Ensemble (FFE) or Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) to provide initial limited attack casualty response

• Designated U/W and I/P

• RRT Includes:

  • Fire Marshal

  • Repair Electrician 

  • Two advanced DC qualified personnel

6.2 Flying Squad/At-Sea Fire Party

• Backs up the Rapid Response Team

• First team to man a Repair Locker in full dress out

• Combats a casualty U/W that requires minimal DC effort

• Usually advanced DC qualified personnel who stand watch or stand roving watches

6.2 Repair Party Leader

• In charge of the repair locker

• Responsible for DC efforts in a designated area of the ship

• Locker Officer is often assigned but is not required IAW the NTTP 3-20.31

6.2 Investigators

• Roves in pairs, autonomously, in areas adjacent to affected compartments

• Continuously reports new findings and update statuses to locker via hand held radio

• Searching for panting or sweating bulkheads, structural damage, and any secondary/cascading damage caused by the casualty 

• Will use a 30 min SCBA; “on-air” at their own discretion

• Ensures casualty boundaries remain set

6.2 On-Scene Leader (OSL)

• Directs the DC team at the location of the casualty

• Reports to the Repair Locker Leader

• Determines the method of attacking the casualty

6.2 Attack Team Leader (ATL)

• Reports to the OSL

• Leads the attack team

• Directs attack team efforts at the scene of the casualty

6.2 Attack Team

• Nozzleman

• Hoseman

• Plugman

6.2 Duties and Responsibilities of (In-Port DC Organization) Command Duty Officer (CDO)

• Reports directly to the CO

• Responsible for the safety of the entire ship and its personnel

• Typically second-tour division officer or senior

• Assumes the duties of the CO when the CO is off the ship

6.2 Duties and Responsibilities of (In-Port DC Organization) Engineering Duty Officer (EDO)

• In charge of the engineering plant

• Coordinates DC efforts from Damage Control Center (DCC)

• Functions as the DCA when the DCA is off the ship and casualties occur

6.2 Duties and Responsibilities of (In-Port DC Organization) Duty Fire Marshal

• Assists the DCA with daily fire prevention, material conditions, and duty section training

• Leads the ship’s Rapid Response Team

6.2 Duties and Responsibilities of (In-Port DC Organization) In-Port Emergency Team (IET)

• The IET is a limited force which responds to a designated locker in case of a casualty in-port; normally called upon outside of normal working hours

• The IET includes the RRT

6.2 Duties and Responsibilities of (Battle organization underway) Bridge Personnel

• Officer of the Deck (OOD) is the CO’s primary assistant and their direct representative on the Bridge

• Possess extensive knowledge of the ship’s systems and DC emergency procedures

• Maneuver the ship to minimize the effects of wind, fire, and smoke

6.2 Duties and Responsibilities of (Battle organization underway) Damage Control Central (DCC)

• General Quarters (GQ) station for the DCA

• Receives and evaluates information from all repair parties

• Keeps the Bridge informed

     of DC progress 

• Initiates orders to repair
  parties

• Maintains all DC plots

• Controls routes through
  the ship to minimize
  breaking of watertight
  integrity

6.2 Duties and Responsibilities of (Battle organization underway) Main Control (MC)

• GQ station for the Engineering Officer of the Watch (EOOW)

• Controls and monitors Engineering Operational Casualty Control (EOCC) procedures

• Responsible for starting and stopping installed systems

• Responsible for propulsion

6.2 Duties and Responsibilities of (Battle organization underway) Central Control Station (CCS)

• GQ station for the DCA and EOOW

• One space that serves as MC and DCC on certain ship classes

6.2 Duties and Responsibilities of (Battle organization underway) Combat Information Center (CIC)

• Led by the Tactical Action Officer (TAO), who maintains knowledge of engineering electrical plant status for warfare priority

• Communicates with the DC organization as repairs are made and systems are brought back online

6.2 Duties and Responsibilities of (Battle organization underway) Combat Systems
Maintenance Center (CSMC)

• The Combat Systems Officer of the Watch (CSOOW) coordinates all Combat Systems-related DC casualties from CSMC

• Ensures that all damaged electronic equipment is repaired and brought back online

• Serves the function of Repair 8 on ships with a robust combat suite

6.2 Duties and Responsibilities of (Battle organization underway) Helo Control Officer (HCO)

• Communicates with pilot, coordinates landing with the Bridge, and oversees casualty control efforts

      -  On ship’s with an Air Operations 

         Department (LHA/LHD/LPD): 

         HCO is usually stood by a 

         departmental officer or CPO

      -  On ships just equipped for 

          helicopter operations 

          (LSD/CG/DDG/LCS): HCO is 

          usually stood by SUPPO 

          (Supply Officer) or ASUPPO 

          (Assistant Supply Officer)

6.2 Duties and Responsibilities of (Battle organization underway) Crash and Salvage Team

• A.K.A. Crash and Smash Team

• Trained in pilot rescue and to respond to flight deck emergencies

      -  Teams are comprised of Air Operations 

         Department personnel

      -  On ship’s without an Air Operations  Department, all departments will provide  personnel to ensure a fully manned Crash  and Salvage Team

6.2 Duties and Responsibilities of (Battle organization underway) Medical

• GQ station for the Senior Medical Officer (SMO) on big decks

• GQ station for the Independent Duty Corpsman (IDC) on small decks

6.2 Duties and Responsibilities of (Battle organization underway) FWD & AFT Battle
Dressing Stations (BDS)

• Administers first aid to personnel casualties in battle situations

• Manned by medical department personnel and qualified stretcher bearers

• Distributed throughout the ship to afford easy access (most ships have at least two) 

• Stocked and fully equipped to handle battle casualties

6.2 Duties and Responsibilities of (Battle organization underway) Rescue & Assistance Team (R&A)

• Can be manned up In-port or U/W

• Provides aid in the form of equipment and personnel for a different ship experiencing a casualty

• Team will stage a specific list of DC equipment on or near the boat deck

6.3 Symbols (optional)

• Fire: A, B, C, D

• Smoke: S

• Fire Protection System: FPS

• Fire Fighting Water: FFW

• Flooding: FL

• Progressive Flooding: PFL

• Structural Damage: STR

• Hole: H (OVD, BHD, Deck)

• Rupture: R (system)

• Personnel Failure (injury): P, list name of person

• Mechanical Failure: M, list equipment or system

• Mechanical Damage: MD, list equipment or system

• Weapons Hazard: WPN, list weapon type

• Jammed Access: J, list hatch/scuttle number

• Electrical Power Loss: E, list space

• Toxic Gas: TOX

• Chemical: CHM

• Biological: BIO

• Radiological: NUC

• Fire Boundary: FB

• Smoke Boundary: SB

• Casualty Boundary: CB

6.3 Electronic Phone Circuits

• J-Dial: Ship’s Service Telephone Circuit

  • Just like your home phone (keypad)

  • Shouldn’t be relied upon in emergency situations (fragile)

  • Requires power source (no redundancy)

• IVCS: Integrated Voice Communication System

  • Operates on Ship’s Power

  • Can be used as for multi-station net or space to space comms

  • Up to 1 hour battery back-up

6.3 Sound Powered Phone Circuits

• 2JZ Damage Control and Stability: receiving reports and issuing orders to Repair Stations from DC Central

• 3JZ Main Deck Repair Circuit: coordinating DC efforts main deck and above

• 4JZ Forward Repair Circuit: DC Central to Repair 2

• 5JZ After Repair Circuit: DC Central to Repair 3

• 6JZ Amidships/Forward Repair Circuit: DC Central to Repair 4

• 7JZ After Propulsion Engineer Repair Circuit; DC Central/Main Control to Repair 5

• 8JZ Crash and Salvage Team: DCA to Flight Deck

6.3 General Announcing System

• 1MC General Announcing System:

  • Transmits general orders, information, and alarm signals to all areas in the ship

  • Includes Collision alarm, General alarm, Chemical Attack alarm, and Flight Crash alarm

• Interior communication: Fast and direct means of comms between stations

  • 4MC – Damage Control

  • 21MC – CO’s Command

  • 26MC – Machinery Control

6.4 Fire Triangle

• Fuel 

• Heat

• Oxygen

Triangle must be intact to create and sustain a fire

6.4 Fire Tetrahedron

• Fuel

• Heat

• Oxygen

• Chain Reaction

Product of the fire triangle’s uninhibited chemical chain reaction

Extinguishing agents disrupt the fire tetrahedron by eliminating one or more of the elements

6.4 Classes of Fire and their
Extinguishing Agents

• Alpha: Water

• Bravo: AFFF, PKP, HALON

• Charlie: CO2

• Delta: Jettison

• Sierra: Water, AFFF, Jettison

6.4 Space Isolation

• Mechanical and electrical isolation are performed at the discretion of the OSL 

• Electrical isolation is performed to de-energize equipment in casualty area prior to fire fighting efforts

• Mechanical isolation is performed by operating valves and or fittings prior to space entry; reference: Main Space Fire Doctrine

6.4 Post Fire Actions

De-smoking is used to force an air change in the effected space

• Ram Fan 2000 or Electric Box Fan may be used

• Satisfactory post-atmospheric testing required before re-entry without an SCBA

Overhaul is performed by the attack team to ensure that the risk of smoldering materials don’t reflash

• Naval Firefighter’s Thermal Imager (NFTI)  and rakes are used to locate hot spots

6.5 Purple-K-Powder (PKP)

• Class BRAVO fires

• Extinguishes the fire by breaking up the combustion chain reaction

• No cooling capability

• Sizes: 18 / 27 pounds

• Ranges: 19 / 21 feet

• Discharge Times: 10 / 11 seconds

• Compound will foul electronic components

6.5 Carbon Dioxide (CO2)

• Class CHARLIE fires

• Extinguishes the fire by displacing oxygen

• Size: 15 pounds

• Range: 4 to 6 feet

• Discharge Time: ~35 seconds

• Located within 30 ft of equipment with high potentials for a class “C” Fire 

• Keep grounded to deck to avoid shock from static electricity

6.5 Aqueous Film-Forming Foam (AFFF)

• Class BRAVO fires

• Extinguishes the fire by creating a vapor barrier and cooling

• Size: 28 lbs (2.5 gal of premixed AFFF producing 16 gal of foam)

• Range: 10 ft and decreasing

• Discharge Time: 45 to 65 sec

6.5 Naval Firefighter’s
Thermal Imager (NFTI)

• Used to locate the seat of a fire in smoke filled and dark spaces 

• Operated by the Attack Team Leader

• 2 modes of operation: PAN-while moving, CHOP-while fighting the fire

• Can “wash out” in an environment that is too hot for too long

6.5 P-100 Portable Emergency Pump

• Diesel engine driven centrifugal pump

• Provides 100 gpm at 83 psi 

• 20 ft suction lift; max 39 ft when used with a portable educator

• Be mindful of exhaust if operating inside the ship

6.5 Electric Submersible Pump (ESP)

• Centrifugal pump driven by a water-jacketed constant speed A/C electric motor

• 140 gpm at 70 ft, 180 gpm at 50 ft static head pressure 

• Cooled by pumped fluid and always used with a strainer

• MUST wear proper electrical PPE in accordance with the NSTM 300: 450 VAC!

6.5 Perijet Eductor

• Jet-type pump, no moving parts

• Often used with an ESP or P-100 pump

• Can be used with fluids with small particulate matter or that are more viscous 

6.5 S-Type Eductor

• Jet-type pump, no moving parts

• Often used with an ESP or P-100 pump

• Has a Foot Valve with a strainer to prevent flooding and clogging

6.5 Soft Patch

• Used for systems of 150 psi or less

• Gasket material must extend 2 in past damage

• Not recommended for fuel or steam lines

6.5 Jubilee Patch

• Used for systems with 100 psi or less

• Gasket material must be large enough to overlap 2 in on all sides

6.5 Emergency Water-Activated
Repair Patch (EWARP)

• Used for systems with 150 psi or less and does not exceed 300 degrees

• Cannot be used on fuel or potable water systems (can contaminate the system)

• 2 Sizes: 3 in x 9 ft, 4 in x 15 ft 

• Fully hardened in 30 minutes

6.5 Various Patches

• Box Patch: effective for holes with jagged edges

• Hinged Plate Patch: designed for use over relatively small holes

• Folding T-Patch: used for unevenly shaped holes

• Hook Bolts: used to anchor a patch 

6.6 Loop Configuration

• Designed as a system of independent loops 

• Battle damage will not impact the entire firemain

• Two types:

  • Horizontal

  • Vertical offset

6.6 Horizontal Loop Configuration

• Two cross-connected mains on the damage control (DC) deck 

• Separated athwartships

6.6 Vertical Offset Loop Configuration

• Components of the vertical offset loop

  • A starboard loop that is located on the first deck 

  • A port loop that is located on the third deck, with cross-connects 

• Supplied by six fire pumps

6.6 Composite System Loop Configuration

• Consists of more than one type of firemain system

6.6 Installed Eductor Activation

1. D: Open overboard DISCHARGE valve

2. F: Open FIREMAIN actuating valve
   (Throttle valve to get eductor’s rated operating pressure)

3. V:  Ensure VACUUM is created by checking associated gage

DO NOT CONTINUE IF VACUUM IS NOT PRESENT

4. S:  Open Drainage Main Cutout & Suction Valves
   (Post a watch to monitor water level)

6.6 Dangers

• Flooding the space

  • Ensure eductor is not misaligned  

  • Make sure suction check valve is not degraded

• Asphyxiation

  • Scuttle open

  • Ensure ventilation is operational

  • Secure eductor operation when water level is below suction line

6.6 (Installed Drainage Systems) Main

• Provides emergency dewatering in engineering spaces 

• Reliable and has no moving parts 

• Uses galvanized pipe or copper-nickel tubing

• Segregated by bulkhead stop valves 

6.6 (Installed Drainage Systems) Secondary

• Serves spaces at or below the waterline for spaces forward and aft of the main spaces

• Independent of main drainage with its own eductors and sea connections

• Piping is smaller in size than main drainage piping but can be cross connected

• Example spaces served:

  • Steering gear rooms

  • Emergency diesel
    generator rooms

  • A/C machinery rooms

  • Chain lockers

  • List & trim control tanks

6.6 (Installed Drainage Systems) Special

• Service spaces (heads, galleys, sickbays)

• Magazines w/ sprinklers

  • Above waterline, near weather deck: drain through bulkhead check valve

  • Above waterline, NOT near weather decks: overboard discharge with deck drains

  • Below waterline: installed secondary eductors 

6.6 (Installed Drainage Systems) Gravity

• Consists of plumbing and deck drains

  • Installed most extensively in compartments above the waterline

  • Spaces above waterline are directed overboard

  • Spaces below waterline directed to tank or space where installed drainage can remove water

• NOT designed to remove flooding water from ship as a result of damage

6.7 Buoyancy

An object floating or submerged in a fluid experiences an upward force equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object

6.7 Displacement

Weight of the volume of water that the ship displaces when floating freely
(in tons)

6.7 Draft

Depth of water a ship draws especially when loaded

• Calculative: distance from the keel to the waterline (numbers on the bow and stern, 6" increments)

• Mean: average of forward and aft drafts

• Navigational: distance from the waterline to the lowest projections from the ship (i.e. sonar dome and screws)

6.7 Trim

Difference between the forward and aft drafts

6.7 Pitch

Up and down motion of the ship’s bow and stern as it moves through the sea

6.7 List

A definite attitude of transverse inclination of a semi-permanent nature

• Inclination of a vessel to one side is normally due to weight distribution

6.7 Heel

A temporary inclination, generally involving motion. A ship normally 

          heels due to a sharp turn or a steady wind from the beam.

6.7 Sagging

• Often due to seas or loading.

• compression at the weather deck and tension at the keel, often due to seas or loading

6.7 Hogging

• Often due to seas or loading.

• Compression at the keel and tension at the weather deck, often due to seas or loading 

6.7 Define Center of Buoyancy (COB) and how it moves

• The center of the underwater hull volume when viewed in transverse direction

• It’s the point at which all buoyant forces can be considered to be acting in a vertical direction

• COB stays in the center of underwater hull volume

• When the ship rolls starboard, the center of buoyancy (B) moves starboard

• COB follows the waterline

• As displacement increases from a weight addition, the ship sinks down, waterline goes up, and COB goes up

  • More underwater hull volume

6.7 Define Center of Gravity (COG) and how it moves

• The point at which all weights could be concentrated

• COG moves towards a weight addition

• COG moves away from a weight removal

• Gravity (G) follows the weight shift

• If weight is shifted up, Buoyancy (B) and Meatcenter (M) do not change

6.7 Gravity Metacenter (GM)

Distance (GM) between the center of gravity (COG) and the metacenter is a prime determiner for stability:

• Large GM: fast roll period

• Small GM: Slow roll period

6.7 Stability always reduced when

Gravity is high

Gravity is off centerline

6.7 Free Surface Effect

• Occurs when a compartment or tank is only partially flooded / filled.

• As the ship rocks, water tends to maintain a level condition causing sloshing of water 

• As water shifts in direction of heel, center of gravity shifts decreasing the righting arm and reducing the stability

• This effect is reduced by pocketing, swash plates, and baffles

• Breadth is the biggest factor in the free surface effect, not the depth

6.7 Free Communication Effect

Three conditions for Free Communication Effect:

• Compartment must be open to the sea

• Compartment must be partially flooded

• Compartment must be off centerline

The continuous addition and removal of water causes a horizontal shift of COG

• Equates to a virtual rise of COG

6.7 Benefit of Compartmentalization

• Isolates the Casualty

• Reduce Free Surface & Free Communication Effect

6.7 Compartment Bullseye

6.7 Classification of Fittings

• X-RAY / YOKE / ZEBRA: Special permission required, must be logged in the DC Closure Log if opened during the corresponding Condition of Readiness  

• CIRCLE X-RAY / CIRCLE YOKE / CIRCLE ZEBRA: May be opened with out special permission to transit, inspect, and access vital spaces

• Dog ZEBRA: Set for Darken ship 

• WILLIAM: Vital sea suctions,
  ventilation, and maintenance
  fittings for mobility

• CIRCLE WILLIAM: Access and
  ventilation fittings

6.7 Material Conditions of Readiness

Provides increasing degrees of protection
against the spread of damage

• X-RAY: In homeport, in fair weather, normal working hours

• YOKE: At sea / inport during peacetime, outside of normal working hours

• MODIFIED YOKE: fittings below the waterline are closed, above the waterline may be left open to improve accessibility and habitability

• ZEBRA: Set during General Quarters, entering and leaving during wartime, when in danger

• MODIFIED ZEBRA: CO may wish to set a modified material condition ZEBRA to provide higher survivability stance than condition YOKE but less restrictive than ZEBRA

CIRCLE WILLIAM: Set to prevent contamination in a CBR environment

6.7 Compartment Check-Off
Lists (CCOL)

• Located at every entry to a compartment

• Required for every compartment or weather deck where DC facilities are located

• Provide an itemized list and location of all DC fittings and the personnel responsible for the setting of material conditions of readiness

• Master/Duplicate/Partial CCOLs maintained

6.8 Installed CO2 system

• Used on Class A, B, and C fires, found in auxiliary spaces and lockers.

• CO₂ Fixed-Flooding systems: installed in spaces that require protection of flammables

  • Paint lockers

  • Paint mix and issue rooms

  • Flammable liquid storerooms

  • Flammable compressed-gas cylinder storerooms

  • GTM / GTG Modules (DDG/CG’s)

• Identified by red bottles with no stripes

System Actuation:

• Activated either manually or pneumatically

• Break glass on pull-box cover

• Grasp handle and pull

• Pull cable out three to five inches

System Operation:

• Activated at the local pull station or pull box

• Activation of the system causes release of all CO₂ into a discharge manifold

• The entire protected space is flooded with CO₂ gas

CO2 hose reel system: is used in electrical and machinery spaces where the potential for a class C fire is high

• Two 50 lb CO2 cylinders

• 50 ft of hose on a reel

• Valve assembly

• Horn assembly

6.8 Halon 1301 System

Used against “B” fires in:

• Main machinery and engine rooms

• Auxiliary machinery and boiler rooms

• Ship service or emergency generator rooms

• Main propulsion or generator engine modules

• Recovery, Assist, Secure, and Traverse (RAST) machinery rooms

• Tactical Towed Array Sonar (TACTAS) handling rooms

• Flammable liquids storage and issue rooms

CO₂ actuators are installed inside and outside the space

Actuates local and remote audible and visual alarms 

• Ventilation automatically shuts down

• Time delays: 

  • 60 sec (manned) 

  • 30 sec (unmanned)

• Completely discharges in 10 sec

6.8 HALON 1301 System Safety Precautions

• Personnel are not allowed in a space where Halon has been discharged without an SCBA (Self- Contained Breathing Apparatus)

• Gas Free engineering procedures must be conducted for reentering spaces after being flooded with Halon 1301

• Lethal byproducts of Halon:

  • Hydrogen Cyanide

  • Hydrogen Fluoride

  • Hydrogen Bromide

6.8 AFFF Stations

Designed to protect compartments or areas where flammable/combustible liquid fires are likely to occur:

• Machinery spaces, fueled vehicle stowage spaces, helicopter hangars

• Stations provide a solution of 6% AFFF concentrate and 94% seawater at a flow rate of 60 to 1,000 GPM to installed AFFF Systems 

6.8 AFFF Piping System

Supplies AFFF bilge sprinklers, hose reels, and hangers

• Can be cross connected so the forward station can provide to the aft station and visa versa 

6.8 Installed AFFF Systems

Locations where overhead AFFF sprinkler systems are installed

• Hangers

• Tank decks

• Well decks

• Vehicle cargo holds

• Weapon elevator pits

• Fuel pump rooms

Safety concerns

• Hydrogen Sulfide (H₂S) exposure

• Hearing protection at AFFF station

6.8 AFFF Bilge Sprinkler System

Installed throughout the machinery spaces

• Used to create a vapor barrier if flammable liquid spills in the bilges

6.9 Battle Dress

Battle dress requirements:

• Flame resistant variant (FRV) coveralls

• All buttons buttoned

• Pant cuffs tucked into boots or socks

• Life preserver worn on the waist (or kept at General Quarters station)

• Flash hood and gloves

• Remove metal from uniform

• Empty pockets

6.9 Fire Fighter’s Ensemble (FFE)

• Provides optimal protection from exposure to heat, cold, steam, water, and sharp objects

• Consists of an outer shell, a vapor barrier, and an inner fire-retardant thermal liner 

• Helmet

  • Protects the head, neck, and face from short-duration flame exposure, heat, and falling objects

  • Made of heat-resistant fiberglass

• Gloves

  • Protect against abrasions, flash exposure, and heat

• Flash Hood

  • Provides protection to the head, neck, and face, except for the eyes 

  • Made of a Kevlar and rayon knit with an elastic face closure 

  • Available in a single size that fits all 

• Boots

  • Have steel safety toes and puncture-proof
    steel insoles

  • Authorized for repair party electricians to wear
    when performing their duties 

6.9 Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)

• Delivers air through a second stage regulator and face shield

• Can be refilled in a smoke-filled environment

• Available in two different sizes of bottles (30 or 45 minutes) with an external pressure indicator: both bottles charged to 4,500 PSI

  • Exertion and physical limitations of user impact available time of bottle

6.9 Emergency Escape
Breathing Device (EEBD)

• 10 Minutes of O₂, smoke protection only

• Never used to combat a fire! Wearing the hood is optional, bottom bag is pressure relief  

• Activated when pulled out of the box. Single use, disposable unit

• Can create unbreathable air, contaminated with Lithium Hydroxide if damaged

• Check pressure gage, ensure needle points to GREEN, not RED

• The total shipboard quantity for EEBDs as found in NSTM 077

  • Ship’s Complement 150%

  • Embarked Personnel 100%

  • Berthing Spaces 100%
                (one EEBD per rack)

  • Engineering Spaces 200%

6.10 Electric Box Fan

115V A/C Electric fan

• Moves 3200 cubic feet of air /min

• Used with smoke curtains to create smoke control zones using installed ventilation or CPS

6.10 RAM Fan 2,000

Water turbine actuated by Fireman or P-100 Pump which operates Fan Blades

• Moves 2000 cubic feet of air/min

• Must be grounded to prevent static electricity build up

• Used with “elephant trunks” to direct contaminated air 

6.11 Toxic

A space where poisonous substances are present, exposure cannot exceed OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration) standards

6.11 Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL)

The maximum permissible concentration of a toxic or harmful physical agent to which personnel may be exposed

6.11 Lower Explosive Limit (LEL)

The minimum percent by volume of a gas that, when mixed with air, will form a flammable mixture

6.11 Upper Explosive Limit (UEL)

Upper end of the explosive range. Concentrations above this limit are too rich to explode or burn. Concentrations below the UEL are within the explosive range.

6.11 Immediately Dangerous to Life and Health (IDLH)

Any atmosphere that meets any of the following conditions: 

- flammable vapors 10% or greater of the LEL; 

- an oxygen content of less than 19.5%  or greater than 22%; 

- the presence of toxicants above a level that would not allow personnel to escape within 30 minutes without impairment or irreversible health effects.

• Oxygen surplus: oxygen level above 22%

  • Increased danger of explosion

• Oxygen deficiency: oxygen level below 19.5%

  • 19.5%: normal

  • 17%: deep, fast breathing

  • 15%: dizziness and buzzing in the ears

  • 9%: unconsciousness

  • 7%: can cause death

6.11 Fire Watch Requirements

• All affected sides must be watched

• Communication devices must be available

• Portable fire extinguisher or hose must be within reach

• PPE (Personal protective equipment) must be worn 

  • Goggles or safety glasses (as required)

  • Helmet (as required)

  • Hearing protection (as required)

  • NAVOSH (Navy Occupational Safety and Health) approved respirator (as required)

“30, 40, 50” Rule

• Watch must stay until 30 minutes after work or until cool to touch

• No hot work can be performed within 40 feet of painting or chemical cleaning

• Flammables must be moved 50 feet from work area