Micro Ch 2

Coccus

Spherical

Bacillus

Pill/rod shaped

Coccobaccilus

Short rod

Vibrio

Curved pill/rod

Spirillum

Coiled/spiral

Spirochete

Tighter spiral

Single, diplo/pairs, chains, clusters, tetrads, palisades

What are the 6 common arrangements of bacterial cells?

Diffusion

Everything moves from high to low concentration till even space/equilibrium

Facilitated diffusion

Transport systems used by Hydrophillic and large hydrophobic molecules

Simple diffusion

Don’t need special help; usually small hydrophobic molecules

Active transport

Protein channel gets activated by ATP; LOW TO HIGH concentration

Osmosis

Diffusion of WATER

Hypotonic

Low solute

Hypertonic

High solute

Isotonic

Equally spread

Proteins/molecules that make up peptidoglycan

What is NAG and NAM?

Biofilm

When colony/bacteria produces substance that becomes a force field around that colony to protect it

Bacterial capsules & slime layers

Extra sticky; allows to attach better Aka causes diseases more often

Flagellla

Linear motility; only one direction

Taxis

Movement towards or away something

Chemotaxis

Movement towards or away chemical

Aerotaxis

Movement toward or away oxygen

Magnetotaxis

Movement toward or away magnetic field

Thermotaxis

Movement toward or away heat

Phototaxis

Movement toward or away light

Pili

Rotational movement (turning)

Fimbriae

Attachment

Sex pilus

Tube used to exchange DNA from one bacteria to another

Nucleoid region

Where chromosomes/DNA of bacteria reside to make proteins

Plasmids

Extra DNA outside of nucleoid region; codes for extra stuff aka toxins, antibiotic resistance, capsule/slime layer, Fimbriae