Neruodevelopmental & Neurocognitive Disorders

intellectual development disorder (intellectual disability)

difficulties with thinking, learning, problem-solving, and daily life skills due to below-average intelligence, occurring during developmental period

autism spectrum disorder

challenges with social skills, repetitive behaviors, and restricted interests that appear in early childhood and impact daily life. Diagnosis requires 5 symptoms total (3 from social + 2 from repetitive behaviors).

attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)

persistent inattention &/or hyperactivity/impulsivity that interfere with functioning. 6+ symptoms per both categories for 6 months persisting in 2+ settings before age 12

delirium

severe and sudden disturbance in attention, awareness, and thinking in the setting of an aroused cortex. Develops quickly (hours to days) with additional disturbance in cognition

age onset for neurodevelopmental disorders

before school age (5)

major neurocognitive disorder

severe acquired cognitive decline in 1+ cognitive domains that interferes with independence in everyday activities

mild neurocognitive disorder

modest cognitive decline in 1+ cognitive domains that do not interfere with capacity for independence in everyday living

specifiers for neurocognitive disorders

severity: mild, moderate, severe; etiology specifiers; with or without accompanying behavior or psychological disturbances

social deficits of ASD

social-emotional exchanges, nonverbal communication, developing, maintaining, and understanding relationships