Lecture 18: Clinical Drug Interactions

20%

__ risk in patients taking 10 medications or more

CYP450 1A2

__ has negligible activity in newborns, peaks in adulthood, and wanes in elderly

intravenous and intra-arterial routes

all routes of administration have an absorption phase, except for __

factors that affect absorption and bioavailability of a drug

• altered blood perfusion

• adsorption

• gastrointestinal pH

• chelation/binding

• food

• gastrointestinal motility

• alterations in gastrointestinal flora

• P-glycoprotein

kaolin-pectin, activated charcoal

examples that have large surface areas that adsorb the drug resulting in limited absorption

1 hour prior or 4 hours after

adsorption can be prevented by administering medication ___ the administration of an adsorptive substance

adsorption

mechanism of action for the clinical use of activated charcoal

H2 receptor blockers, proton pump inhibitors (PPI), antacids, potassium-competitive acid blockers (PCABs (vonoprazan))

reduces gastrointestinal tract activity → increase gastric pH

atazanavir (PPI contraindicated), rilpivirine (PCAB contraindicated), dapsone

require acid medium in the gastrointestinal tract → require low gastric pH for optimal absorption