Pancreas

anatomy of the pancreas

embryology of the pancreas

pancreas divisum

annular pancreas

pancreas functional anatomy

exocrine pancreas

-pancreatic acinar cell is functional unit of exocrine pancreas

-acinar cells synthesize, store, and secrete digestive enzymes, water, and NaHCO3 into the duodenum

-pancreatic enzymes are activated by enterokinase which is found on the surface of the duodenum

-acts by cleaving the inactive proenzyme trypsinogen into its active form of trypsin which then activates the other pancreatic enzymes in a cascade reaction

endocrine pancreas

acute pancreatitis

acute pancreatitis pathophysiology

3 classifications of acute pancreatitis

acute pancreatitis diagnosis

-leukocytosis

-elevated hematocrit- from hemoconcentration due to extravasation of intravascular fluid into third spaces

-elevated BUN

-hypocalcemia

-hypoglycemia

-Ranson’s criteria, BISAP score, APACHE score, Balthazar score

ranson’s criteria and BISAP score

-acute pancreatitis

-presence of focal or diffuse enlargement of the pancreas on CT or MRI

acute pancreatitis diagnosis definition

acute pancreatitis severity

acute pancreatitis symptoms

acute pancreatitis physical exam

acute pancreatitis etiology

acute pancreatitis etiology- hypertriglyceridemia, ERCP, genetics

acute pancreatitis etiology- malignancy and pancreas divisum

acute pancreatitis etiology- alcohol, tobacco, medications

acute pancreatitis etiology summary

acute pancreatitis treatment

acute pancreatitis treatment- pain control

-predominant symptom and should be treated with analgesics

-opioids are safe and effective

acute pancreatitis treatment- nutrition

chronic pancreatitis

chronic pancreatitis clinical manifestation

chronic pancreatitis- laboratory findings

chronic pancreatitis- diagnosis

chronic pancreatitis- treatment

chronic pancreatitis complications

autoimmune pancreatitis

autoimmune pancreatitis presentation and treatment

hereditary pancreatitis

hereditary pancreatitis (PRSS1)

hereditary pancreatitis (CASR)

hereditary pancreatitis (CFTR)

hereditary pancreatitis (SPINK1)

pancreatic cysts

intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN)

pancreatic cysts IPMN guidelines

summary