Science Quiz: Chemistry- Transformation of States, The Atomic Theory & The Periodic Table

Solid to Liquid

melting

Liquid to Solid

freezing

Liquid to gas

evaporation

Gas to Liquid

condensation

Solid to Gas

Sublimation

Gas to Solid

Deposition

Temperature is the measure of the ______________________________________of particles in a substance

average kinetic energy

_______________ the temperature of matter means the particles of the matter are _______________

increasing, gaining energy

Once the matter reaches a certain _____________________, the particles have gained enough _____________________ to _________________________________

temperature, energy, change states

Solid to liquid-

melting point

liquid to gas-

boiling point

Solids, liquids, gases ______________ when heated and _____________ when cooled

expand, contract

What is diffusion?

The movement of particles from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration.

What is thermal expansion?

The increase in volume of a substance when its temperature is increased.

What is thermal contraction?

the decrease in volume of a substance when its temperature is decreased.

What is the exception of "cooling decreases kinetic energy"?

Water

What did John Dalton discover?

The Atomic theory (all substances are made of atoms)

What was in John Dalton's atomic theory?

All matters are made out of extremely small particles called atoms

Atoms cannot be created , destroyed or divided

All atoms of the same element are identical in size, mass and chemical properties. Atoms of a specific element are different from those of another element.

Different atoms combine in simple whole number ratios to form compounds. In a chemical reaction, atoms are separated combined or rearranged.

What did JJ Thomson discover?

Electrons (plum pudding model)

What did Ernest Rutherford discover?

nucleus

What experiment did Rutherford do?

Gold foil experiment where he shot alpha particles at gold foil

What experiment did Thomson do?

cathode ray tube experiment where a ray of sample is travelling through a magnetic field

What did Niels Bohr discover?

Electrons travel around the nucleus in energy shells

The atom is made up of

protons, neutrons, electrons

What is the Atomic theory?

All matter is made up of particles called atoms

What is a nucleus?

Center of an atom which consists of protons and neutrons

What is in the nucleus of a Hydrogen atom?

1 proton

What is the atomic mass?

total number of protons and neutrons

What is a proton?

positively charged particle

What is an electron?

negatively charged particle

What is a neutron?

a particle that has no charge

The atomic number equals

the number of protons

Who created the first periodic table?

Dmitri Mendeleev

What is the periodic table based on?

The number of protons

Rows on the periodic table are called

periods

Columns on the periodic table are called

Groups/family

Periods have the same amount of

energy shells

Groups have the same amount of

electrons on outermost shell

Group 1

Alkali metals

Group 2

Alkali earth metals

Group 17

Halogens

Group 18

Noble gases

What are the three kinds of groups that the periodic table are organized in?

Non-metals, Metalloids & Metals

Number of protons

equals number of electrons

Atomic mass minus protons

equals number of neutrons