lesson 5 - NADPH and HEME

pentose phosphate pathway to produce ribose 5-phosphate

fructose 6-P + glyceraldehyde 3-P

important use of ribose 5-P

creation of nucleotides → nucleic acids

where does the NADPH come from in the pentose phosphate pathway?

glucose 6-P→ fructose 6-P + glyceraldehyde 3-P → 2 NADPH

what does glutathione peroxidase do?

uses glutathione to reduce peroxide

what does glutathione reductase do?

uses NADPH to reduce glutathione

hemolytic anemia

deficiency of glucose 6-P dehydrogenase, RBC dies because cannot create NADPH to protect against oxidative stress

what other uses are there for NADPH?

cytochrome p450 reductase, steroid biosynthesis, detox enzymes, phagocytosis, nitric oxide synthase

structure of poryphrins

4 pyrrole rings joined through methenyl bridges

what causes porphyria

insufficient production of HEME to downregulate ALA synthase

pathway to stercobilin

bilirubin conjugated in liver → bile → urobilinogen in colon → stercobilin

pathway to urobilin

bilirubin conjugated in liver → bile → urobilinogen in colon → urobilin in kidney

what causes neonatal jaundice?

insufficient production of bilirubin glucanoyltransferase