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Imperialism
The expansion of one's country's political, economic, and military influence over another country.
Anti-imperialism
A political position that opposes the expansion of a country's influence and power over other nations.
Spanish-American War
A conflict in 1898 between the United States and Spain that resulted in the U.S. acquisition of territories in the Caribbean and the Pacific.
Open Door Policy
A U.S. policy established in the late 19th century to ensure equal trading rights in China for all nations.
Teller Amendment
An amendment stating that the U.S. would not exercise sovereignty over Cuba and would leave its government to the Cuban people after independence.
Muckrakers
Journalists who investigated and exposed societal issues, corruption in business, and government malfeasance during the Progressive Era.
Yellow Journalism
Sensationalized news reporting that exaggerates or misrepresents facts to attract readers, notably used leading up to the Spanish-American War.
Platt Agreement
An amendment to the Cuban constitution that allowed the U.S. to intervene in Cuban affairs for the preservation of order and stability.
Scientific Management
A theory of management that analyzes and synthesizes workflows to improve economic efficiency, often associated with Frederick Taylor.
Square Deal
Theodore Roosevelt's domestic program aimed at helping the middle class and protecting consumers while ensuring fairness for businesses.
Social Darwinism
A theory that applies the concept of 'survival of the fittest' to social, political, and economic issues, often to justify imperialism or social inequality.
Self-determination
The principle that nations have the right to choose their own rulers and forms of governance.
Dollar Diplomacy
A foreign policy pursued by President Taft to extend American investments into less developed regions.
Maine explosion
A mysterious explosion of the USS Maine in Havana harbor that escalated tensions and led to the Spanish-American War.
De Lome Letter
A private letter written by a Spanish diplomat criticizing President McKinley, its publication heightened tensions leading to the Spanish-American War.
Forest Reserve Act
A law that created national forests and protected public lands from being sold to private interests.
Seventeenth Amendment
An amendment that established the direct election of United States senators by popular vote.
Women's Suffrage
The right of women to vote, which was secured in the U.S. with the passage of the Nineteenth Amendment.
Recall
A political process through which voters can remove an elected official from office before the end of their term.
Initiative
A process that allows citizens to propose legislation and vote on it directly.
Referendum
A direct vote in which an entire electorate is invited to vote on a particular proposal and can result in the adoption of a new law.
