Plant and Chemical Elements Poisonings (1) (1)

What is a poison?

Any substance which through its chemical action kills, injures, or impairs an organism.

Factors affecting the effects of poisons

The amount consumed, concentration, rate of absorption and elimination, species of animal.

Poor management contributing to livestock poisonings

Carelessness when using insecticides, disinfectants, rat poisons, paint, feed additives, and reduction of palatable forage.

Recommendations for reducing livestock poisoning

Store chemicals away from animals, keep animals away from freshly painted areas, and manage grazing pastures.

Symptoms of Castor Bean poisoning

Nausea, violent purging, blood in feces, muscular tremors, general weakness, and emaciation.

What is prussic acid?

A toxin that can be produced by certain plants, affecting the ability of animals to utilize oxygen, leading to suffocation.

Cyanogenic plants release toxins under specific conditions

Crushing of plant materials during consumption or processing releases hydrocyanic acid (HCN) from glycosides.

Symptoms of prussic acid poisoning

Staggering, labored breathing, spasms, foaming at the mouth, and prostration.

What is the effect of mature larkspur plants?

Potency decreases as the plant matures, with fully mature plants regarded as harmless.

What does dicoumarol do?

It is an anti-clotting agent that causes severe bleeding in cattle, converted from coumarin by mold in sweet clover hay.

Symptoms of salt poisoning in animals

Diarrhea, hypersensitivity to touch, loss of appetite, redness of mucous membranes, loss of coordination, paralysis, and death.

What is molybdenum's effect on animals?

Interferes with copper metabolism, causing copper deficiency, particularly affecting young animals.

How to prevent sweet clover poisoning?

Ensure hay is well-cured and avoid baling moldy clover.

Treatment for sweet clover poisoning

Keep animals quiet, provide blood transfusions, administer vitamin K.

What preventive measure can be used against prussic acid poisoning?

Green chop forage consumption is usually safer than grazing.

Symptoms of larkspur poisoning

Neuro-muscular paralysis, muscular twitching, staggering gait, vomiting, and potentially death.

symptoms of molybdenum poisoning

diarrhea, emaciation (abdnomally weak, thin), anemia, weakness, stiffness, fading hair coat. males become sterile, females fail to come to heat

symptoms of selenium poisoning

hairloss, rough horns, deformed hooves, sterility, death

symptoms of sweet clover poisoning

internal bleeding, tobacco like odor,

symptoms of oak poisoning

constipation, blood stain, dark feces, kidney damage, ulcer in mouth, esophagus, gi tract

treatment of poisoned animals

activated charcoal, treatment of symptoms, antidote available

symptoms of lead based paint poisoning

affects pericardium around heart, fluid retention around heart

treatment or prussic acid

sodium nitrate, sodium thiosulfate

cyanogenic plant poison treatment

sodium nitrate, sodion thiosulfate, methane blue (commonly used)