Chapter 10: Rotational Motion and Angular Momentum

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12 Terms

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<p>angular acceleration</p>

angular acceleration

the rate of change of angular velocity with time

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<p>angular momentum </p>

angular momentum

the product of moment of inertia and angular velocity

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change in angular velocity

the difference between final and initial values of angular velocity

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kinematics of rotational motion

describes the relationships among rotation angle, angular velocity, angular acceleration, and time

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law of conservation of angular momentum

angular momentum is conserved, i.e., the initial angular momentum is equal to the final angular momentum when no external torque is applied to the system

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<p>moment of inertia</p>

moment of inertia

mass times the square of perpendicular distance from the rotation axis; for a point mass, it is I=mr2 and, because any object can be built up from a collection of point masses, this relationship is the basis for all other moments of inertia

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right-hand rule

direction of angular velocity ω and angular momentum L in which the thumb of your right hand points when you curl your fingers in the direction of the disk’s rotation

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rotational inertia

resistance to change of rotation. The more rotational inertia an object has, the harder it is to rotate

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<p>rotational kinetic energy </p>

rotational kinetic energy

the kinetic energy due to the rotation of an object. This is part of its total kinetic energy

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<p>tangential acceleration </p>

tangential acceleration

the acceleration in a direction tangent to the circle at the point of interest in circular motion

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<p>torque</p>

torque

the turning effectiveness of a force

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<p>work-energy theorem </p>

work-energy theorem

if one or more external forces act upon a rigid object, causing its kinetic energy to change from KE(1) to KE(2) , then the work W done by the net force is equal to the change in kinetic energy