Physics Final Review

During a physics demonstration, a 10kg bowling ball is suspended from the ceiling, momentarily at rest before being released. Ignoring air resistance and assuming the experiment takes place at sea level, where gravitational acceleration is approximately 10m/s^2. What is the gravitational force acting on the bowling ball?

100N

A 100kg experimental rover is being tested in a vacuum chamber designed to simulate conditions on the Moon. After a controlled propulsion burst, the rover glides across a frictionless surface. High-speed sensors detect that its linear momentum has reached 1000 kg m/s. What is the velocity of the rover at that moment?

10m/s

What is the force down the ramp of an object with a mass m?

Mgsinθ

What is the kinetic energy of a ball with mass 3kg and a velocity of 10m/s?

150J

What is the potential energy of a box with a mass of 10kg and a height of 10 meters (g ~ 10m/s^2)?

1000J

A figure skater is spinning with her arms extended. She then pulls her arms in close to her body. Which of the following quantities increases as a result? 

Angular velocity

A box is pushed across a rough horizontal surface at constant velocity.

Which of the following statements is true?

The net force on the box is zero

Two identical carts are on a frictionless track.

• Cart A is moving at speed vvv.
  
  

• Cart B is at rest.
  
  

They collide and stick together.

Which of the following is true after the collision?

Some kinetic energy is lost, but total momentum is conserved.

A car accelerates uniformly from rest to a speed of 10 m/s in 2 seconds. What is its acceleration?

5

An object of mass 2 kg is moving with velocity 2.5 m/s. What is its momentum?

5

A 10 kg object is pushed by a 50 N force on a frictionless surface. What is its acceleration?

5

If Isaac Newton is driving a RED Ferrari and Kepler is driving a YELLOW Lamborghini, if they are both going at a rate of 120 m/s, and Newton gets hit with an apple and crashes, and Kepler leaves him, how much faster is Kepler going than Newton?

120 m/s

What is the force that keeps planets in orbit around the Sun?

Gravity

Which of the following best describes Newton’s Third Law?

For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction

What does a light year measure?

Distance

Which of these travels the fastest in a vacuum?

Light

Mass of a ball is 5kg. Acceleration is 2m/s^2. What is the force?

F=10N

What is the unit of Force?

Newtons

Is velocity a vector or scalar quantity?

Vector

Was physics this year fun?

Yes

A double pendulum consists of two point masses m attached by two massless rods of length l, where the first mass swings from a fixed pivot and the second mass hangs from the first. Both rods can swing freely in a vertical plane under gravity.

Let the angles the rods make with the vertical be θ₁ and θ₂, respectively. Using Lagrangian mechanics, derive the equations of motion for θ₁(t) and θ₂(t).

(Assuming equal masses and lengths)

 -  θ̈₁ = [ –g(2 · sin(θ₁) + sin(θ₁ – θ₂) · cos(θ₁ – θ₂))
    – θ̇₂² · sin(θ₁ – θ₂)
    – 2 · θ̇₁ · θ̇₂ · sin(θ₁ – θ₂) ]
    / (2 – cos²(θ₁ – θ₂))

• θ̈₂ = [ 2 · sin(θ₁ – θ₂) · (θ̇₁² + g · cos(θ₁) + θ̇₂² · cos(θ₁ – θ₂)) ]
      / (2 – cos²(θ₁ – θ₂))

Finn pushes a 3k object that is being pulled across a surface with an acceleration of 4m/s^2. If a frictional force of 6 N is acting against the box, what is the total applied force that Finn needs to apply in order to move it?

18 N

A pinwheel rotates at a constant rate of 90 revolutions per minute. How many degrees does the pinwheel rotate in ten seconds?

5400

A ball on a spring completes 5 full oscillations in 10 seconds. What is the period of one oscillation?

2 s

Mark Grayson pushes a 10 kg cart up a 5-meter-long ramp inclined at 30 degrees, using a constant force parallel to the ramp. If Mark applies a force of 60 N, how much work does he do?

300 J

Herbert slides a 6 kg object across a horizontal surface. If the coefficient of kinetic friction is 0.3, what is the frictional force being applied to it?

17.6 N

1. An object with a mass of 2 kg travels with a velocity of 5 m/s. What is the object's momentum?

Answer

10 kg*m/s

A student pushes a box 4 meters across the floor with a force of 50 newtons. What is the work done by the student?

200 J

A ball is dropped from a 100-meter-tall building. If air resistance is negligible, how long will it take for the ball to hit the ground? (g = 9.8 m/s²)

4.52 s

1. A student discovers that a book is resting on a table. His teacher tells him that the book is at rest because the *** force exerted by the table on the book is equal and opposite to the book’s ***.

normal

weight

True or False: An object moving at a constant velocity has a net force of zero.

True

True or false: An object at rest has kinetic energy.

False

A ball has mass 2 kg and moves with velocity 1 m/s. How much kinetic energy does it have?

1 J

What kind of potential energy does a spring have?

Elastic potential energy

Car A has mass 200 kg and moves at 10 m/s. Car B has mass 500 kg and moves at 5 m/s. The acceleration due to gravity is -9.8 m/s^2 and the wheels of both cars roll without slipping. What is the unit for momentum?

kg*m/s

An object moves with position x=2t^3 + 5t^2 + 2. What is the velocity function?

6t^2 + 10t

A block is dropped from rest and falls freely for 3 seconds. How far does it fall?

45 m

An object moves in a circle of radius 2 m with a speed of 4 m/s. What is the centripetal acceleration?

 8 m/s²

 A spring with a spring constant of 200 N/m is compressed 0.1 m. What is the potential energy stored?

 1 J

A 2 kg block slides down a frictionless ramp that is 5 meters high. What is its speed at the bottom?

10 m/s

A 3 kg object moving at 6 m/s hits a wall and stops in 0.5 seconds. What is the average force exerted by the wall?

36 N

There is a 50 N force being applied on a rod 0.5 m away from the center of mass. What is the torque?

25 N

There is an ice skating competition being held soon. A stressed-out beginner asks her mentor for advice on how to increase her spinning speed. She finds out that inertia is dependent on the radius of the rotating object, so she decides to start pulling in her arms to go faster. Why does this increase her spinning speed?

Conservation of angular momentum

A student is holding a rock while standing on a cliff. The potential energy of the rock is 100 joules before the student releases it. Using the conservation of energy, what is the rock’s kinetic energy when it is halfway down the cliff?

50 J

Frictional force is ________ to the normal force

Proportional

A potential energy graph has the equation y = 6x +7. Given that F=-dU/dx, what is the net force?

6N

Car 1 and Car 2 have masses of 2kg and 3kg respectively. Car 1 is traveling at a velocity of 2m/s and Car 2 is traveling at a velocity of -4m/s. Both cars collide and stick together. What is the final velocity of the system?

-1.6m/s

An object is traveling in a straight line at a constant acceleration. The object begins at rest and after 2 seconds, it has a final velocity of 4m/s. What is the acceleration of the object?

2m/s

Calculate the period of spring with a block of mass 8kg and a spring constant of 25N/m.

 3.55s

What is the net force of an object that has an acceleration of 4m/s^2 and a mass of 2kg?

8N

What is the kinetic energy of an object with a mass of 5kg and velocity of 3m/s?

22.5J

If a thin rod is placed on the ceiling and the sun is beaming with extra energy, how much is the magnitude of weight of a 5 kg ball under the thin rod while the sun’s energy is hitting the ball? Use 10 ms2 for gravity.

50 N

Suppose Isaac Newton was hit by an apple which was going at a constant speed of 20 m/s. How many seconds did it take for Newton to get hit if the apple was 100 m away?

5 Seconds

A ball is rotating on a table at an angular speed of 8.9 rad/s. It rolls off of the table and enters into freefall. If the ball weighs 3 kg and has a radius of 92 cm, what is the magnitude of the gravitational force experienced by the ball? Use 10 ms2 for gravity.

30 N

Newton and Kepler are racing around a circular track at 15 km/h and both finish at the same time. A big photogate is used to determine the winner of the race. Assuming gravity is 10 ms2 and the length of one lap around the track is 400 m, how much is the total distance travelled by Newton if he did two laps around the track?

800 m

What is Newton’s second law of motion?

The force acting on an object is equal to the mass of that object multiplied by its acceleration (F = ma).

In a scenario governed by the principles of classical mechanics, where an object experiences both gravitational force and an applied force in a vertical direction, let us consider the equilibrium condition of a block resting on a horizontal surface. Mario, our protagonist, has a block with a mass of 10 kg. The forces acting on the block include the gravitational force and the normal force exerted by the surface. To find the normal force, we must consider Newton’s Second Law in the vertical direction and apply the fundamental concept that in static equilibrium, the sum of forces must be zero. Taking into account the acceleration due to gravity and the force applied by Mario, calculate the normal force acting on the block. Assume g = 10 m/s².

100 N

Considering the relativistic effects on a spacecraft traveling at a velocity approaching 20,000 meters per second, taking into account the potential time dilation and the fact that it's moving through a vacuum devoid of any significant resistance, how much time will it take for the spaceship to traverse a spatial distance of 40,000 meters, assuming the reference frame remains inertial and there are no gravitational influences altering the trajectory and the spacecraft is not accelerating?

2 seconds

 In a controlled, isolated system where the spring operates under quasi-static conditions, with negligible temperature fluctuations and ignoring the effects of quantum mechanical tunneling, consider a perfectly linear spring adhering to Hooke’s Law. Assume that the spring is subject to no external forces other than those arising from the internal elastic restoring forces generated during compression. Given that the system is thermally stable at standard room temperature, and the spring constant remains 200 N/m and is invariant over the deformation, how much potential energy is stored in the spring after it is compressed by a distance of 0.1 meters, taking into account the idealized elastic behavior and neglecting all forms of hysteresis or inelastic deformation?

1 Joule

In a vacuum, where the effects of air resistance are neglected and the system operates under classical mechanics, a point mass is in motion with a velocity that is measured relative to an inertial reference frame. The object’s trajectory is influenced solely by its kinetic energy, and the system is assumed to be free from any external forces, including gravitational influences. Given that the object is not undergoing any relativistic speeds (i.e., it is moving at much less than the speed of light), how much kinetic energy does the object possess when its mass is 2 kilograms and its velocity is measured to be 5 meters per second, assuming no energy losses due to friction or other dissipative forces?

25 Joules

In a rotational system where a wheel with a uniform mass distribution is rotating about a fixed axis, and a point on the outer circumference of the wheel is moving tangentially to the circular path, calculate the linear velocity of the point given that the angular velocity of the wheel is 5 radians per second. Assume that the system is ideal, with no friction or external forces, and that the radius of the wheel from the center of rotation to the point of interest is 2 meters. Use the relationship between linear velocity and angular velocity in the context of rotational motion, and consider the object’s motion to be purely rotational with no translational displacement.

10 m/s

Block Y with mass m, falls onto and sticks to block X, which is attached to a vertical spring, as shown in Figure 1. A short time later, as shown in Figure 2, the blocks are momentarily at rest. At that moment, block Y exerts a force of magnitude F_down on block X, and block X exerts a force of magnitude F_u, on block Y. What is the acceleration due to gravity?

-9.8m/s^2

Aya P. walks 2,000 KM east, then 3,560 KM West, then 120,584 KM South, and finally 523,235,204 M North. Determine the distance traveled. What was the distance travelled?

649,379,204M

Phil Sick uses all of his might to push against the wall. He is able to conjure up a force of 12N against the wall. Despite his great efforts the wall does not move. How much work was done on the wall ?

0J

Cee has a velocity of 4t + 2. What would be her acceleration at time = 4?

4m/s^2

Mecca Nicks has a mass of 100kg and is standing on the top of a 10M cliff over a trampoline. They attempt to jump onto the trampoline from the cliff. What is their gravitational potential energy halfway through the fall?

5000J

Given a spring, named Spring A, with a spring constant 2k, and another spring, Spring B, with a spring constant k. If they are displaced the same amount, which has the higher spring force? 

Spring A

Knowing that a disk has a lower moment of inertia in comparison to a ring, both rotating at their center of mass, which would go higher if sent up an incline. Both the disk and the ring are sent up at the same velocity but ARE NOT ROLLING, they are SLIPPING.

They both reach the same height

With an object moving at a constant velocity of 2 m/s, how far would it move in two seconds given the net force acting on the object is 0N.

4m

Given the difference of the final and initial momentum of an object to be 4 kg*m/s, and the force as a function of time to be 0/2(x)dx . What is the impulse?

4N/s

If an object on the Moon is dropped the same height as an identical object dropped on Earth, given the Moon’s gravity is less, which gravitational potential energy would be greater?

Earth

A 1000kg car is moving at 5m/s down a straight road. Calculate the Momentum of the Car.

5000

A spring is being compressed with a force of 100 N. The force compresses the spring 0.1 meters. What is the k constant of the spring?

1000

A rocket flies through the air with an acceleration of 20m/s/s opposing gravity. Suddenly, the thrusters fail and the rocket stops accelerating. As the rocket falls, it encounters a drag force of -bv. Find the kinetic energy of the rocket after it hits the ground.

0

A simple pendulum A has a block hanging by a spring with mass m, length l, and period T. Another simple pendulum B has a block of mass 2m. What is the period of pendulum B in comparison to A?

There is no change

A block is moving with a velocity of v(t)=2t+5. What is the function of the acceleration of the block?

2