Erosion and Deposition: Unit 2 lesson 1 By Water

weathering

is the process in which rock materials are broken down into smaller pieces

Erosion

is the process by which sediment are moved from one place to another

sediment

material that consist of pieces of rock,soil, and remains of plants and animals.

Deposition

is the process in which sediment is dropped off.

gradient

steepness of a slope

load

materials carried by a stream

discharge

an amount of water that a stream has in a certain amount of time

meandering stream

A river or small stream that curves back and forth

groundwater

water located within rock below Earth's surface. Caves and sink holes are examples of what is formed from this.

valley

an area of low land between hills or mountains, not very steep or narrow

canyon

a deep, narrow valley with steep sides

floodplain

areas that form along a river from sediments deposited when a river overflows

Delta

This fan-shaped deposit of sediment that is created when a river's current slows when it empties into a large body of water, such as a lake or an ocean

Alluvial fan

This is a fan-shaped deposit of sediment that is created when a fast-moving mountain stream flows onto a flat plain (forms on dry land)

Beaches

Area of the shoreline made up sand sized particles that are deposited by ocean waves

shoreline

the place where land and a body of water meet

sea cliffs

formed when waves erode rock to produce steep slopes

wave-cut platforms

flat platform of rock formed at the bottom of sea cliffs. It looks like a bench

Sea arches

arches formed when waves cut all the way through sea cliffs.

sea stack

. Columns of rock left after the top of the sea arch collapses

sea cave

large hole formed when waves erode rock

Sandbar

it is a ridge made up of deposits of sand, gravel or shell material

Barrier Island

Narrow island usually made of sand that forms offshore parallel to the shoreline

longshore current

a current that flows parallel to the shoreline

Headlands

a narrow piece of land that projects from a coastline into the sea.

oxbow lake

a crescent-shaped lake that is formed when a meander of a river is cut off from the main flow of water.

Uniformitarianism

Processes that helped to shaped the earth's surface in past like erosion and deposition, are still occurring today and will continue in the future.

sinkhole

when the roof of a cave collapses

cave

created by acidic groundwater that erodes by dissolving rock material.

waves

fast moving water erodes material quickly and slow moving water generally will deposit material