Embalming Theory Quiz 8

Subclavian Considerations

numerous branches, anomalies of vein & artery may be present, can over-inject face, sits deeper in body

Subclavian

close to center of arterial solution distribution, close to center of venous drainage

Brachial Considerations & Precautions

same as axillary; over-inject face, upper extremity positioning, numerous branches

Radial & Ulnar

place of incision, very small, we wouldn't drain from veins

External Iliac

relatively superficial, size (large), accompanying vein - external iliac vein - good for drainage & access

Femoral

large, possible even distribution to both sides of face, used as main injection point, vein can be used as drainage point

Femoral Considerations

vessels are deep-seated in obese cases, condition of vessel (trauma)

Popliteal

wouldn't use it, not ideal

Anterior Tibial

not primary site, but can be used as secondary sit to increase distribution to foot

Posterior Tibial

access may be hampered, not ideal, can be used as secondary site for distribution to foot

Dorsalis Pedis

not ideal due to size, location & circulation, used as secondary site

Techniques for Raising Vessels

shave, prepare instruments & ligature, proper incision, find w/ anatomical guides & relative position of veins, clean off & ligate loosely

Linear Guide (LG)

imaginary line drawn on surface of skin to represent approx. location of deeper lying structure

Anatomical Guide (AG)

method of locating a structure by reference to an adjacent know or prominent structure

Anatomical Limits (AL)

point of origin & termination in relation to adjacent structures

Common Carotid LG

line drawn from sternoclavicular articulation to anterior surface of lobe of the ear

Common Carotid AG

along medial (inner) border of sternocleidomastoid muscle

Right Common Carotid AL

begins at level of sternoclavicular articulation & extends to level of superior border of thyroid cartilage

Left Common Carotid AL

begins at the level of 2nd costal cartilage & extends to level of upper border of thyroid cartilage

Supraclavicular Incision

along superior border of medial 1/3 of clavicle

Parallel Incision

along posterior border of the inferior 1/3 of the sternocleidomastoid muscle (dont recommend)

Half Moon Incision

from the center of one clavicle by dipping curve to centter of other clavicle (lazy)

Common Carotid Considerations

direct distribution to face, close to center of venous drainage & circulation, face can be embalmed w/ mild fluid while body can be injected w/ more preservative solution, no branches

Common Carotid Precautions

incision may be visible, tubes may leave mark on face, face may be over-injected, can swell face if not careful

Common Carotid Accompanying Vein

internal jugular, relative location, lateral & superficial to common carotid artery

Subclavian LG

line drawn from sternoclavicular junction to lateral border of first rib

Subclavian AG

clavicle

Right Subclavian AL

begins at sternoclavicular articulation & extends to border of 1st rib

Left Subclavian AL

begins at level of 2nd costal cartilage & extends outer border of the 1st rib

Subclavian Incision

along upper margin of clavicle about 1/3 of distance from shoulder & root of the neck

Axillary LG

through center of base of axillary space & parallel to long axis of upper extremity when abducted

Axillary AG

just behind medial border of coracobrachialis muscle

Axillary AL

begins at lateral border of 1st rib & extends to inferior border of tendon of the teres major muscle

Axillary Incision

along anterior margin of the hairline of the axilla (above armpit)

Axillary & Brachial Considerations

close to face, close to center of circulation & venous drainage, vessels are relatively superficial

Axillary & Brachial Precautions

over-inject face, abnormalities of artery & vein are common, arm may not appear natural in casket, numerous branches

Axillary Accompanying Vein

axillary vein, relative location, medial & superficial to artery

Brachial LG

from center of base of the axillary space to center of forearm just below bend of elbow (cubital fossa)

Brachial AL

begins at inferior border of tendon of teres major muscle & extends to a point inferior to the antecubital fossa

Brachial AG

lies posterior to medial border of belly of the biceps brachii muscle

Brachial Incision

along linear guide

Brachial Accompanying Vein

brachial vein, relative location, superficial to artery