Digestive System

Digestive system purpose

To break down food into usable forms

Digestive system functions (list them)

ingestion, digestion, absorption, excretion

Ingestion

A digestive system function, taking food in

Digestion as a function

A digestive system function, breaking food down

Absorption

A digestive system function, moving nutrients into blood

Excretion

A digestive system function, getting rid of waste

Digestive tract

the organ food passes through

Organs in digestive tract

mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine

Organs food does NOT pass through in the digestive system

Liver, gallbladder, pancreas

Two types of digestion in the mouth

Mechanical digestion with the tongue and teeth; chemical digestion with an enzyme

the esphagus

the tube from the mouth to the stomach

peristalsis

muscle contractions pushing food down the esophagus

Digestion in the stomach

Mechanical when food is broken down and smashed

Chemical when its broken down by an enzyme

Mucus protects the stomach from acid

Small intestine

digests and absorbs

First part is duodenum

Covered in villi

Enzymes chemically break down carbs, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids

Water is absorbed

Large Intestine

absorbs water not absored by small intestine

Left with undigested material elimnated as solid waste

Compounds

produced by large colonies of bacteria

Liver

produced bile that breaks down fat that is broken into enzymes

Gallbladder

Pouch organ that stores bile produced by the liver. If removed, bile is secreted into the small intestine.

Pancreas

Part of the digestive, excretory, and endcrine systems

Secretes sodium bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acids to not burn intestines.

Enzymes are secreted to break down carbs, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.