Weak Acids and Bases

equation for a strong acid

dissocates fully

HA→ H⁺ + A^-

equation for a weak acid

dissolves slightly

in dynamic equilibrium with dissocates products

HA ⇌ H⁺ + A^-

what is extent of dissocation

proportion of molecules that dissocate in solution

relationship between bond strenght and extent of dissocation

weaker bonds , dissocate more easily

diffrence between concentration and strenght of acids

strenght of an acid refers to extent to where an acid dissocates into [H⁺]

conc of acid refers to number of moles of acid in a particular volume of water

what kc for weak acid

K_a acid dissocation contant

what is the equation of acid dissocation constant

K_a = [H⁺] [A^-] / [ HA]

units of weak acids

mol dm^-3

what is acid dissoacation constant

quantify and compate strenght of diffrent weak acids

measure proprtion of molecules that dissocate into ions

relationship between Ka nad strenght of acid

increase Ka , increase strenght of acid

to calculate Ka to pH what 2 assumptions

[HA] = [Congugate base (HA)]

[HA] at equilibrium = [HA] initial

how to calculate pH of weak acid

how to calculate concentration of weak acid

how to calculate pKa

pKA = log (Ka)

relationship between acid strength and pKa

stronger the acid , the lower the pKa

what is a monoprotic acid

an acid that can donate only one proton (hydrogen ion) per molecule in a chemical reaction

what is diprotic acid

an acid that can donate 2 protons per moleule in a chemical reaction

what is a tripotic acid

an acid that can donate 3 protons per molecule in a chemical reaction

what happens to dissocation strength as order of acidic protons dissocate

1st proton dissocates strongly

2nd, 3rd proton dissocate slightly