eleven organ systems

integument organs

skin, hair, nails, glands within the skin

integument function

External body covering protects tissues, synthesizes vitamin D, houses pain, pressure receptors, and sweat and oil glands

skeletal organs

bones, ligaments, articulating cartilage

skeletal functions

Protects, supports organs, framework the muscles and movement. Source of Blood cells, store minerals.

muscular organs

muscles, tendons

muscular functions

Allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion, and facial expression. Maintains posture, and produces heat.

digestive organs

mouth, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, anus, pancreas, liver, gall bladder

digestive functions

Breaks down food into absorbable units that enter the blood for distribution to body cells. Indigestible foodstuffs are eliminated as feces.

cardiovascular organs

heart, blood, arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins

cardiovascular functions

Blood vessels transport blood, which carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, etc. The heart pumps blood.

respiratory organs

lungs, bronchi, bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, alveoli

respiratory functions

Keeps blood constantly supplied with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide. The gaseous exchanges occur through the walls of the air sacs of the lungs.

urinary organs

kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra

urinary functions

Eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body. Regulates water, electrolyte and acid-base balance of the blood.

nervous organs

brain, spinal cord, spinal nerves, cranial nerves, sense organs

nervous function

As the fast-acting control system of the body, it responds to internal and external changes by activating appropriate muscles and glands.

endocrine organs

hypothalamus, pituitary glands, pineal glands, thyroid glands, parathyroid gland, pancreas, adrenal glands, testes, ovaries

endocrine function

Glands secrete hormones that regulate processes such as growth, reproduction, and

nutrient use (metabolism) by body cells.

lymphatic organs

lymphatic ducts, lymphatic capillaries, lymph nodes

immune organs

thymus, spleen, white blood cells

Lymphatic/Immune system

Picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns it to blood. Disposes of debris in the lymphatic stream. Houses white blood cells (lymphocytes) involved in immunity. The immune response mounts the attack against foreign substances within the body.

reproductive organs

ovaries, uterus, uterine tube, testes, epididymis, vas deferens

reproductive functions

produce reproductive organs, produce male or female gametes, carry a fetus to term (female only)