Irish Gaelic LingQ Mini Stories Part 01a

a

1. his, her, its, 2. A relative particle used to link a noun and a verb (triggers lenition)

cuid

part /kɪdʲ/ (F)

Mícheál

Michael (M)

a áit oibre

his workplace (F) (oibre F)

ag

1. by, of, for, 2. particle used with verbal noun to mark progressive aspect

ag a sé

at six

agus

and

áit

place, area /ɑːtʲ/ (F)

ar

1. on (usually triggers no mutation), 2. Introduces an indirect relative clause (triggers lenition)

áthas

joy, happiness /ˈɑːhəsˠ/ (M) (Used with bí + the preposition ar (“on”) to say "to be glad")

bia

food /bʲiə/ (M)

bíonn

he is [bʲiːn̪ˠ] (present indicative habitual analytic of bí; "does be")

bricfeasta

breakfast /ˈbʲɾʲɪcˌfʲasˠt̪ˠə/ (M) (Borrowed from English breakfast)

bualadh

to meet, to hit /ˈbˠuəl̪ˠə/ (buail le - to meet)

bualadh le

meet /bˠuəlʲə lʲɛ/

caife

coffee /ˈkafʲə/, /ˈkɑfʲə/ (M)

cairdiúla

friendly (plural of cairdiúil)

cairdiúil

friendly /kɑːɾˠˈdʲuːlʲ/ Adj, Synonyms: lách, muinteartha

charr

car /xarˠ/ M 🚗 (lenited form of carr)

carr

car /kɑːɾˠ/, /kaːɾˠ/ M 🚗

chustaiméirí

customers M (lenition triggered, c -> ch) (plural of custaiméir)

custaiméir

customer M Borrowed from Middle English customere, from Old French coustumier, from Medieval Latin custumarius (“a toll-gatherer, tax-collector”), from custuma (“custom, tax”).

chustaiméirí ocracha

hungry customers M chustaiméirí M

cócaire

cook M Noun

cuid

part /kɪdʲ/ F (measure word for uncountable nouns)

cupán

cup /kʊˈpˠɑːn̪ˠ/ (M)

custaiméirí

customers M (nominative plural of custaiméir)

daoine

people /ˈd̪ˠiːnʲə/ M (plural of duine /ˈd̪ˠɪnʲə/)

déanann

he makes, he does (present indicative analytic of déan)"to make or do"

Déanann sé bricfeasta agus ólann sé cupán caife

He makes breakfast and drinks a cup of coffee

do

to, for /d̪ˠɔ/, /d̪ˠə/ (triggers lenition)

dtí

to (Eclipsed form of tí) (commonly used in the phrase "go dtí", meaning "to, toward, until")

é

he, him, it M

éagsúla

different, various, unlike, dissimilar /iːa̯ɡsˠuːlʲə/ (plural of éagsúil /iːa̯ɡsˠuːlʲ/)

éiríonn

he gets up /əiˈɾʲiːn̪ˠ/ (as if spelled eighríonn) (present indicative analytic of éirigh)

Éiríonn Mícheál ag a sé gach maidin

Mícheál gets up at six every morning

éis

after /eːʃ/

féidir

ability, possibility /ˈfʲeːdʲəɾʲ/ (is féidir le “to be able”)

gach

each, every /ɡax/, /ɡɑx/

gach maidin

every morning F maidin F

go

to (equivalent to "go dtí")

go dtí

to, toward, until (triggers no mutation)

go leor

enough, plenty /ɡəˈl̠ʲoːɾˠ/ (origin of English "galore")

i

in /ɪ/, /ə/ (triggers eclipsis, before the definite article s-, ins)

ina

1. in his, in her, in their (contraction of i + a) 2. in which, in whom

ina charr

in his car charr M

is

is (/ɪsˠ/ or /sˠ/ before nouns and adj, /ʃ/ before the pronouns é, í, ea, iad)

Is Cócaire é Mícheál

Mícheál is a cook

Is féidir le

to be able is féidir le (“to be able”)

labhraíonn

they speak (present indicative analytic of labhair)

labhair

to speak /l̪ˠəuɾʲ/

le

with, to /lʲɛ/ (often used before verbal nouns to indicate purpose, ex. le dul - to go)

leathuair

half past, half-hour /ˈl̠ʲaˌuəɾʲ/ F leath- (“half”) +‎ uair (“hour”)

leis

with (form of le (“with”) used before the definite article)

leor

many /l̠ʲoːɾˠ/

maidin

morning /ˈmˠɑdʲənʲ/ F

mbialann

restaurant F (eclipsed form of bialann)

bialann

restaurant, canteen, mess hall; diner /ˈbʲiəl̪ˠən̪ˠ/

Mhícheál

Michael (Mícheál after lenition, m /mʲ/ --> /vʲ/)

Mícheál

Michael

na

of the (definite article) triggers h-prothesis in all cases except for genitive, where it triggers eclipsis

nuair

when /n̪ˠɔɾʲ/, /n̪ˠɛɾʲ/, /n̪ˠəɾʲ/ ((careful speech): /n̪ˠuəɾʲ/, (rapid speech): /n̪ˠɔɾʲ/, /n̪ˠɛɾʲ/, /n̪ˠəɾʲ/ (as if spelled noir))

ó

from, of, since triggers lenition

obair

work /ˈɔbˠəɾʲ/

ocracha

hungry /ˈɔkəɾˠəxə/ (plural of ocrach /ˈɔkəɾˠəx/)

ocrach

hungry, peckish /ˈɔkəɾˠəx/ adj

oibre

work /ˈɛbʲɾʲə/ F (genitive singular of obair)

obair

work /ˈɔbˠəɾʲ/ F From Old Irish opar, from Latin opera,[1] from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ep- (“to work”).

ólann

he drinks (present indicative analytic of ól)

ól

to drink /oːl̪ˠ/

sé

1. six, 2. he, it /ʃeː/ M 1. six /ʃeː/, 2, he

seacht

seven /ʃaxt̪ˠ/

siad

they /ʃiəd̪ˠ/

tagann

they come /ˈt̪ˠaɡən̪ˠ/ (present analytic of tar)

tar

1. to come, 2. after /t̪ˠaɾˠ/ (Used in tar éis, "after, past" /t̪ˠɾˠeːʃ/ (as if spelled traeis))

tar éis

after, past /t̪ˠɾˠeːʃ/ (as if spelled traeis)

teangacha

languages /ˈtʲɑ̃ŋɡəxə/ F (plural of teanga)

teanga

language, tongue (anatomy) /ˈtʲaŋə/ F

tiomáineann

he drives (analytic present indicative of tiomáin)

tiomáin

to drive /tʲəˈmˠɑːnʲ/

Tiomáineann sé go dtí a áit oibre ina charr

He drives to work in his car

tíortha

countries /ˈtʲiːɾˠhə/ F (plural of tír (“land, country”))

tír

land, country /tʲiːɾʲ/ F From Old Irish tír, from Proto-Celtic tīros, from Proto-Indo-European ters- (“dry”), i.e. “dry land” as opposed to lake or sea. Cognates include English thirst, Latin terra.

tosaíonn

he starts (analytic present indicative of tosaigh)

tosaigh

to start /ˈt̪ˠɞsˠɪɟ/

Is cócaire é Mícheál i mbialann

Mícheál is a cook in a restaurant

Déanann sé bia do chustaiméirí ocracha

He makes food for hungry customers

Tagann na custaiméirí ó go leor tíortha

The customers come from many different countries

Labhraíonn siad go leor teangacha éagsúla

They speak many different languages

ag a

"o'clock"

cupán caife

a cup of coffee

ag obair

working (ag + verbal noun obair = progressive action)

a áit oibre

his place of work (a = his, áit = place, oibre = genitive form of obair meaning "work")

ag leathuair tar éis a seacht

at half past seven

do chustaiméirí ocracha

for hungry customers

na custaiméirí

the customers

ar Mhícheál

on Michael (in Irish, emotions are expressed as "being on someone")

nuair a

when

leis na custaiméirí

with the customers

go leor tíortha éagsúla

many different countries