muscle tissue

the pinkest part

in a sample, how can you identify which part is muscle?

their complex cytoskeleton structure

what allows muscle cells to contract?

mesoderm

what is the embryonic origin of muscle tissue?

muscle fibers or myocytes

what is another word for muscle cells?

plasma membrane of a muscle cell

what is the sarcolemma?

sarcoplasm

what is the name for the cytoplasm specifically in a muscle cell?

endoplasmic reticulum of a muscle cell

what is the sarcoplasmic reticulum?

sarcosomes

the mitrochondria of a muscle cell is called ...

cardiac, smooth, skeletal

what are the three types of muscle tissue?

cardiac and skeletal

which types of muscle tissue are striated?

smooth muscle

which type of muscle tissue is not striated?

smooth

what type of muscle tissue?

cardiac

what type of muscle tissue?

skeletal

what type of muscle tissue?

internal organs

where in the body would you find smooth muscle?

in the heart

where is cardiac muscle tissue found?

skeletal muscles

where in the body is there skeletal muscle?

yes

is skeletal muscle striated?

many

how many nuclei per skeletal muscle cell?

long, multinucleated, transverse striations, subsarcolemmic nuclei

describe the appearance of cells of skeletal muscle

skeletal

which type of muscle tissue produces voluntary contractions?

subsarcolemmic- in contact with plasma membrane

in a skeletal muscle fiber, where is the nuclei located?

a bundle of muscle fibers

what is a fascicle?

epimysium

what is the connective tissue called that surrounds the entire muscle?

a fascicle

what does perimysium surround?

endomysium

what connective tissue surrounds a singular muscle fiber?

skeletal muscle
long fibers with many nuclei all at the edge of the cell in a line

what type of muscle tissue is this? how can you tell?

skeletal muscle

what type of muscle tissue is this?

epimysium

what is this connective tissue called?

perimysium

what is this connective tissue called?

endomysium

what is this connective tissue called?

perimysium

what is in blue?

endomysium

what type of tissue is surrounding this structure?

reticular connective tissue

what type of connective tissue makes up endomysium?

loose

perimysium is made up of ____ connective tissue

dense and irregular connective tissue

what type of CT makes up epimysium?

perimysium

which, epimysium, perimysium, or endomysium, has lots of capillaries and nerves?

oval

what shape is the nucleus of a skeletal muscle fiber?

transverse

are the striations transverse or longitudinal?

pink

the sarcoplasm is eosinophilic, which makes it appear ____

the A band

what part of the sarcomere retracts light/is anisotropic?

no, it is isotropic

does the I band of the sarcomere retract light?

the A band because it retracts light (anisotropic)

which band, A or I, is responsible for the visible striations?

H band and M line

the A band also consists of 2 other parts, what are they?

the H band

what is at 1?

2

where is the M line?

myosin

what is the protein at 3?

4

where is the I band?

actin

what protein is at 5?

6

where is the Z-line?

titin

what protein is at 7?

8

where is the A-band?

A

the visible striations are the ____ band

dystrophin

what is the protein on the inner surface of the
sarcolemma that confers membrane mechanical
reinforcement?

invaginations of the sarcolemma that allows the travel of Ca2+

what are T-tubules?

Ca2+ storage

what is the function of the smooth sarcoplasmic reticulum?

2 terminal cisternae and a T-tubule

triads are made up of..

sarcoplasmic reticulum

what is at 1?

2

where is the T-tubule?

sarcolemma

what is 3?

triad

what is 4?

5

which is the thin filament?

6

where is the thick filament?

terminal cisternae

what is 7?

red

which fibers, white or red, are aerobic?

anaerobic

are white fibers aerobic or anaerobic?

red (type I), white (type II), intermediate

what are the three types of skeletal muscle fibers?

red

which type of skeletal muscle fiber has the most mitochondria/sarcosomes?

white

do red, white, or intermediate fibers have the least amount of mitochondria/sarcosomes?

red/type I

which type of skeletal muscle fiber produces long, slow contractions?

fast contractions

what type of contractions are produced by white fibers?

lighter

which are the white fibers?

darker

which are aerobic fibers?

actin

thin filaments are made of which protein?

thick

myosin makes up the ____ filaments

desmin, vimentin

what proteins make up the intermediate filaments?

covers myosin binding sites on actin

what is the function of tropomyosin?

actin

what is the orange part?

troponin

what protein is green?

tropomyosin

which is the purple part?

thin filament

which filament also consists of troponin and tropomyosin?

thick

titin helps form the ___ filament

yes

is cardiac muscle tissue striated?

1-2

how many nuclei per cardiac muscle cell?

cardiac

intercalated discs are present in what type of muscle tissue?

join cardiac muscle fibers together

what is the function of intercalated discs?

longitudinal

intercalated discs are only visible in a ____ cut

transverse

longitudinal or transverse cut?

cardiac
intercalated discs, striated, 1-2 nuclei per cell

which type of muscle tissue? how can you tell?

endomysium

cardiac muscle tissue only has which layer of connective tissue?

fusiform cells, unstriated, one nucleus

what is the appearance of smooth muscle tissue?

endomysium

what CT layer does smooth muscle have?

smooth muscle
one nucleus per cell, no striations, fusiform

what type of muscle tissue? why?

caveolaes

the T-tubules in smooth muscle tissue are called?

gap junctions

smooth muscle fibers are connected by...

uterus

smooth muscle is most regenerable in what organ?

satellite cells

in skeletal muscle, which cells are responsible for regeneration?

increase in number of cells

what does hyperplasia mean?

increase in size of cells

what does hypertrophy mean?

because regeneration is done by satellite cells, which only make up 5% of muscle cells

why does skeletal muscle tissue take so much longer to regenerate?