whap unit 3 and 4: columbian exchange

what is the columbian exchange?

the global transfer of plants, animals, disease and food between the eastern and western hemisphere

what american products will become a staple in parts of europe and africa?

potatoes, maize and yucca (manioc)

what will be cash crops?

tobacco, sugar, cotton

what was unintentionally transferred?

rats and mosquitoes (from Africa)

product brought to europe by islamic world (grows well in florida)

citrus trees

product is good source of nutrition (traced back to polynesian islands)

bananas

what effect will little ice age have on food production?

more difficult to produce food, lead to famine

product from the new world that will sustain people from suffering from cold climate

potato

commercial revolution

europe transitioned to economy based on global trade, extension of banking and credit and mercantilist policies

capitalism

economic system based on private ownership and investment of wealth for a profit

how might one european nation take wealth and power away from another european nation?

piracy in the caribbean

why did piracy start?

the spanish and portuguese wanted control of the western hemisphere

who sponsored piracy?

states: they feared there was a fixed amount of wealth in the world

why did state sponsored piracy stop?

treaties were signed, piracy didn’t end since people stole for themselves, piracy ended after executions and jobs (pirates become colonizers)

balance of trade

country received more gold/silver from other nations than it paid to them (increased their own power)

social impact

new elite group (european gentry), people who couldn’t afford became indentured servants, smaller families, afro-eurasian societies benefit nutritionally because of diverse crops

environmental impact

deforestation and soil depletion

economical impact

global economy, connection between commercialization of goods and global circulation of silver from americas