Lecture 17: ATP Synthase and Photosynthesis

These flashcards cover the main concepts and vocabulary related to ATP synthase structure and function, as well as mechanisms of photosynthesis discussed in the lecture.

ATP Synthase

An enzyme complex that synthesizes ATP using a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane.

F0 Unit

The part of ATP synthase that spans the membrane and forms a rotating proton channel.

F1 Unit

The portion of ATP synthase that catalyzes ATP synthesis from ADP and inorganic phosphate (Pi).

Proton Gradient

The difference in proton (H+) concentration across the inner mitochondrial membrane used to produce ATP.

Z Scheme

Pathway of electron transport during the light reactions of photosynthesis that describes the flow of electrons through a series of protein complexes.

Cyclic Scheme

A process in photosynthesis where electrons are returned to the photosystem, leading to additional proton pumping.

ADP

Adenosine diphosphate, a substrate for ATP synthesis.

NADPH

A high-energy electron carrier used in the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis.

Light-dependent Reactions

The first stage of photosynthesis occurring in the thylakoid membranes, where light energy is converted into chemical energy.

Calvin Cycle

The light-independent reactions of photosynthesis that occur in the stroma, synthesizing glucose from CO2.

Aspartic Acid

An amino acid in the F0 subunit that plays a crucial role in proton binding and rotation.

Electron Transport Chain

A series of protein complexes that transfer electrons, creating a proton gradient that drives ATP synthesis.