Reference-Phobias

Mowrer(1960)

formulated the two process model and conducted research on rats using operant codition to show negative reinforcement

Watson and Raynor(1920)

studied little albert(11 months) and classically conditioned him to have a fear of fluffy white objects through the association with a loud bang

Seligman(1971)

said it was adaptive to acquire a fear of a potential danger(biological preparedness)

Mcgrath(1990)

found 75% of patients responded to systematic desensitisation

Ougrin(2011)

flooding is cheaper and more effective as it only requires one session

ohman(1975)

Systematic desensitisation is less effective on evolutionary phobias