Hip Fractures and Lower Extremity Joint Replacement

These flashcards cover key concepts related to hip fractures and lower extremity joint replacements, including causes, medical interventions, precautions, and roles of rehabilitation.

What are the three most common causes of lower extremity fractures?

Trauma (most common), osteoporosis, and pathological fractures.

What is the most common cause of fractures in the lower extremities?

Falls.

What condition is characterized by metabolic bone atrophy that can lead to fractures?

Osteoporosis.

Which bones are commonly affected by pathological fractures?

Vertebral bodies, neck of femur, humerus, distal end of radial.

At what age is osteoporosis commonly seen in adults?

65 years old and older.

What procedure is often required for individuals who fracture their femur?

THA (Total Hip Arthroplasty), ORIF (Open Reduction and Internal Fixation), or closed reduction.

What is the difference between closed reduction and open reduction?

Closed reduction is a non-surgical procedure, while open reduction involves surgery.

What is an internal fixation?

Using screws, rods, plates, nails, or pins to hold bone pieces together after ORIF.

What are two components of a total hip replacement?

A high density polyethylene socket and a metallic prosthesis.

What are the precautions for the anterolateral approach in hip replacement?

No external rotation, no hip extension, no adduction.

What are the precautions for the posterolateral approach in hip replacement?

No hip flexion greater than 60-90 degrees, no internal rotation, no adduction.

What is the purpose of using an abductor brace post-surgery?

To immobilize the hip and prevent dislocation.

What does WBAT stand for?

Weight Bearing As Tolerated.

What are some common post-surgery complications to monitor for?

Dislocation, infection, fracture near implant, and loosening of parts.

What is the aim of Occupational Therapy (OT) after hip replacement surgery?

Maximize independence with all occupations safely while maintaining movement precautions.

What emotional challenges might clients face following hip surgery?

Fear, anxiety, guilt, depression, and change in body image.

What factors can affect a client's rehabilitation process after surgery?

Environmental factors, personal losses or gains, and family dynamics.

What is relocation trauma?

Disorientation and emotional liability experienced when a person is removed from their familiar environment.

How should clients be educated prior to discharge post-surgery?

On precautions, safety, home modifications, and mobility strategies.

What is one key goal within the first four weeks after hip surgery?

Perform toileting, bathing, and lower-body dressing with minimal pain and modified independence.

What types of mobility aids might be needed post-surgery?

Reacher, gait belt, shoehorn.

What is a significant factor in maintaining success after joint replacement?

Adhering to movement precautions prescribed by the surgeon.

What should OT practitioners focus on in a treatment plan?

Functional mobility, therapeutic activities, ADL/IADL education.

What may happen if hip precautions are not maintained during recovery?

Risk of dislocation.

What is the average lifespan of a total hip replacement device?

5-10 years.