islam test

Mecca

Holiest city in Islam, birthplace of Muhammad, and site of the Kaaba.

Kaaba

The most sacred structure in Islam, located in Mecca.

Hajj

Pilgrimage to Mecca, one of the Five Pillars of Islam.

Medina

Known as the 'City of the Prophet,' where Muhammad fled during the Hijrah.

Hijrah

Migration of Muhammad from Mecca to Medina after facing persecution.

Battle of the Trench

Important historical battle that took place in Medina.

Isra and Mi’raj

Muhammad's Night Journey to heaven.

Dome of the Rock

Islamic shrine located in Jerusalem, built on the site of the former Jewish Temple.

Imam

Religious leader or prayer leader in a mosque.

Caliph

Political and religious leader in Islam, similar to an emperor.

Grand Mufti

Highest religious authority in some Muslim countries; issues fatwas.

Ayatollah

High-ranking Shia religious leader and scholar.

Islam

Means 'submission'; refers to submitting to the will of Allah.

Muslim

One who submits to Allah.

Allah

The name used for God in Islam.

Qur’an

Holy book of Islam, believed to be the literal word of God.

Ayat

Means 'signs'; refers to verses of the Qur’an.

Pilgrimage

A religious journey, such as the Hajj.

Polygamy

Islam allows a man to have up to 4 wives under specific conditions.

Idolatry

Worship of images, statues, or objects; prohibited in Islam.

Polytheism

Belief in more than one god; prohibited in Islam.

Haram

Forbidden actions or foods in Islam, such as pork and alcohol.

Shirk

Associating partners with God or attributing divine qualities to others.

Shahada

Declaration of faith: 'There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is His messenger.'

Salat

Prayer: Muslims pray 5 times daily facing Mecca.

Zakat

Charity; giving a portion of yearly wealth to those in need.

Sawm

Fasting during Ramadan, from dawn to sunset.

Muhammad

Final prophet in Islam, born c. 570 CE, died 632 CE.

Umayyad Empire

Islamic empire from 661 to 750 CE.

Abbasid Empire

Islamic empire from 750 to 1258 CE.

Ottoman Empire

Islamic empire from 1299 to 1924 CE.

Sunnah

The example set by Muhammad; the practices of his life.

Hadith

Sayings and actions of Muhammad that serve as a guide for Muslims.

Jihad

Term meaning 'struggle' or 'striving,' often associated with self-defense.

Jannah

Heaven in Islamic belief.

Jahannam

Hell in Islamic belief.

Zakat

Giving of alms or charity to support those in need.

Hajj

Obligatory pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in a lifetime.

Monotheism

The belief in one God, central to both Islam and Christianity.