UIL Social Studieds 24-25: A Magnificent Catastrophe; Chapter 8

After the aborted slave uprising in the summer of 1800 in Richmond, Virginia, (Gabriel's Rebellion), why did Governor James Monroe want to respond with swift punishment?

To reassure citizens that they could trust Democratic-Republicans to maintain order.

For Thomas Jefferson and Gov. Monroe why was responding to Gabriel's Rebellion a political tightrope?

If they weren't tough enough, they'd lose support in Virginia and outher Southern states during an election year. If they were too tough, they would alienate voters opposed to slavery or sympathizers.

In the conspiracy trial that followed the failed Gabriel's Rebellion, what was the most explosive piece of evidence to come forward?

Multiple witnesses testified that two white Frenchmen had helped Gabriel and were major players in organizing and planning the slave uprising.

In response to attacks that radical Democratic-Republicans had instigated the slave conspiracy, D-R's said that trade talks with what recently emancipated Caribbean colony contributed more to the unrest?

Saint-Domingue aka Haiti

Despite multiple eyewitness statements to the contrary, was any white person indicted in the Gabriel's Rebellion conspiracy?

No.

In his hedging on the issue of slavery, what Egyptian figure have biographers compared him to?

The American sphinx

Ultimately, what did Thomas Jefferson suggest to Gov. James Monroe should be the punishment for the convicted slaves in Gabriel's Rebellion?

Deport the slaves out of the country rather than hanging.

What happened to most of the convicted conspirators in Gabriel's Rebellion?

They received outright pardons on the court's recommendation of mercy or were deported to Spanish-controlled Lousiana.

How much money was offered as a bounty for the successful capture of Gabriel?

$300, which was given to another slave who took no part in the conspiracy.

After a trial of two days, what was Gabriel sentenced to?

Death by hanging along with 6 of his co-conspirators on October 10, 1800.

In all, how many slaves were hung for their role in the conspiracy?

26

What was ironic about High Federalists and their general opposition to slavery on moral and religious grounds?

Their main candidate for president was South Carolina's Charles Cotesworth Pinckney who owned giant slave plantations and led a successful effort during the Constitutional Convention to protect the rights of states to maintain slavery.

What were the last four states where legislatures chose the electors and held their elections for local, state, and congressional offices in October?

- Delaware

- Pennsylvania

- New Jersey

- South Carolina

What were the last five states where voters directly picked electors in November?

- Virginia
- North Carolina
- Maryland
- Kentucky
- Rhode Island

Parallel to their counterparts in Virginia's local elections, what northern state's Democratic-Republican Party created a statewide network of local party committees to get out the vote?

New Jersey

Although the nation's capital had moved to the new Washington, D.C., what city remained the political center of the country with the nation's leading partisan newspapers?

Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

What was the leading newspaper in Philadelphia for both respective parties?

Federalist Party = Gazette of the United States

Democratic-Republican Party = Philadelphia Aurora

How long did it take for an original Aurora or Gazette of the United States article to reappear across the Appalachian Mountains in Kentucky newspapers?

2 or more weeks

What was John Adams response to Aurora rumors that he sent Charles Cotesworth Pinckney to England for four mistresses, two for each man?

"If this be true, General Pinckney has kept all for himself and cheated me out of my two."

In the local 1800 Pennsylvania local elections, which would then go on to determine the state's electors, which party dominated?

Democratic-Republicans. 10/13 congressional races won. 55/78 state assembly seats, and 7/8 State Senate seats.

While Pennsylvania lacked a specific method of choosing electors, how were South Carolina's electors chosen?

The entire legislature, sitting as one body, chose each of their state's 8 electors by majority vote of all the members.

Charles "Blackguard Charlie" Pinckney is the only of the 3 Pinckneys (Charles Cotesworth and Thomas) who was a Democratic-Republican and not a Federalist. What event made him switch party loyalties?

Jay's Treaty with Great Britain.

Under the simply pseudonym "A Republican," what politician wrote 24 newspaper essays supporting the election of Jefferson over either John Adams or Charles Cotesworth Pinckney with Federalists charging the author with disloyalty to his family, dereliction of his Senate duties, and self-interest in seeking an amassadorship under Jefferson?

Charles Pinckney

By the end of the local and state election season, what two states (whose legislatures would select electors) would decide the fate of the presidential election of 1800?

Pennsylvania and South Carolina