European Union Flashcards

Flashcards about the European Union

CECA

Comunitat Europea del Carbó i l’Acer (European Coal and Steel Community), created in 1951 by Alemanya, Bèlgica, França, Itàlia, Països Baixos i Luxemburg to share and coordinate resources.

CEE

Comunitat Econòmica Europea (European Economic Community) or Mercat Comú (Common Market), created in Rome in 1957.

CEAA

Comunitat Europea de l’Energia Atòmica (European Atomic Energy Community), created in Rome in 1957.

Tractat de Maastricht

Treaty of the European Union signed in 1992 in Maastricht, Netherlands, establishing rules for the future single currency, foreign and security policy, and closer cooperation in justice and home affairs.

Unió Europea

Officially created on November 1, 1993, by the Tractat de Maastricht, symbolizing a desire for more than just an economic association.

Tractat de Lisboa

Signed in 2007, effective December 1, 2009, expanding the powers of the European Parliament, reinforcing the role of regions within the EU, and establishing recognition of cultural and linguistic diversity.

Brexit

The United Kingdom's exit from the European Union in 2020, following a 2016 referendum where 51.9% voted to leave.

Espai Schengen

Established in 1995, an agreement that eliminates controls at the interior borders of Europe, allowing people to travel or establish themselves in any country without limitations or controls.

Criteris de Copenhaguen

Established in 1993, the requirements to be a member of the EU, including political criteria (stable institutions, democracy, rule of law, human rights), economic criteria (viable market economy), and the ability to accept existing EU laws and objectives.

NUTS

Nomenclatura d'Unitats Territorials Estadístiques (Nomenclature of Territorial Units for Statistics), a system used to harmonize territorial divisions within the EU, classified into three administrative levels: NUTS 1, NUTS 2, and NUTS 3.

Fons Estructurals

Structural Funds, a type of aid provided by the European Union to reduce differences between regions, aimed at poorer regions.

Fons de Cohesió

Cohesion Funds, a type of aid provided by the European Union to reduce differences between regions, aimed at countries that do not reach 90% of the community average income.

IDH

Índex de Desenvolupament Humà (Human Development Index), a measure used by the United Nations to assess the level of development of countries, considering life expectancy, education, and standard of living.