Hypnosis and Freud

autogenic training experiences

self-induced form of hypnotism usually used for relaxation

unconscious

thoughts and experiences of which we are unaware that impact behaviors (past traumas, desires)

id

unconscious force that pushes us to seek satisfactions of needs (sex, aggression), operates on pleasure principle

benefits from freud

clinical psych transitioned from field examining airborne illnesses and assuming lifelong afflictions to one that examined mental/social impact on abnormal thoughts/behaviors. realized people have conflicting motives and desires within us. realized that childhood experiences contribute to development of adult personality/behavior. sexual encounters have impact on psychological and personality development. started to explore topic of unconscious (though now different). personality and clinical psych started to take form.

In what way is hypnosis similar to dreaming?

They are characterized by a loss of initiative and planning

Franz Mezmer

Accidentally founded hypnotism - waved a magnet in front of people, but thought magnet was un-blocking magnetic fluids. Believed that he had animal magnetism (he was magnet) bc he achieved same effect by waving hand.

Requirements for being hypnotized

more suggestible, need to believe you. can be/are being hypnotized, relaxed state, no/limited distractions

What can hypnotism do?

create temporary post-hypnotic suggestions, make us a little more suggestible, cause possible hallucinations and other tricks of senses, reduce emotional and physical reactions which can result in reduction in pain, tension, stress-related behaviors

hypnotism myths

can unlock repressed memories, enhance ability to learn info, can force us to do something we wouldn't normally (limits to suggestibility and post hypnotic suggestions)

Other types of altered states of consciousness

mindfulness meditation states, autogenic training experiences, spiritually encouraged separations from body, trance dancing/raves, drug induced states

mindfulness meditation states

calm, relaxed state very similar to arousal level of hypnotized ppl, reflects brain activity of hypnotized ppl

Freud's early work

physician, treated patients with chronic pain with hypnosis and other ways of getting at unconscious

psychodynamic theory

personality is based on unconscious wishes that create conflict between the id, ego, and superego

conscious

thoughts and experiences of which we are aware that impact behaviors

superego

preconscious force that acts as a moral center, in conflict with id

ego

conscious force we develop in social world that operates on reality principle, seeks to satisfy id and superego's desires in realistic ways

where do drives pushing ego come from?

current experiences/desires, past unmet desires ad unresolved issues, past trauma

catharsis

release of pent-up emotional tension via acts, needs of id and superego are met

how does freud's theory relate to other psych fields?

personality - theory states it comes from interaction of sources throughout life
clinical psych - unmet needs or trauma that are unaddressed can lead to abnormal behavior/thoughts (new take for field)

psychoanalytic techniques

the techniques used in treating psychological disorders by seeking to expose and interpret unconscious traumas/needs/tensions. also can include hypnosis, free association, dream interpretation, freudian slips

theory of psychosexual stages of development

stages of child development in which a child's pleasure-seeking urges are focused on specific areas of the body called erogenous zones. children of all ages have residual and current sexual tensions that can be source of trauma/personality.
oral stage

psychosexual stages of development in order

1. Oral Stage
2. Anal Stage
3. Phallic Stage
4. Latency Stage
5. Genital Stage

libido

insatiable sex drive that comes in different forms during lifetime, if not can linger with us

erogenous zones

areas where we can get sexual gratification

Oral stage

age 0-18 months. mouth centered stimulation. oral fixations (smoking, food excess control, gum chewing)

Anal stage

age 18-36 months. potty training focus/control over bowel and bladder. anal retentiveness (need for order, organization)

phallic stage

3-6 years. genital/gender exploration. penis envy (once girls realize they don't have penis will feel like inferior gender), gender intensification (boys obsessed with girls/mother and act hypermasculine to make up for liking opposite gender), castration fear

latency

age 6-puberty. no libido

genital stage

puberty and beyond. maturation of sexual interest. sexual issues

Issues with Freud

attempts to link mental disorders like schizophrenia, depression, and others to childhood trauma had undesirable outcomes. many psychologists began exploring field in less scientific way after freud became popular (set field back to pseudoscience). most theories have not panned out.