Module 10 Terms Not Built

anticoagulant

agent that slows down the clotting process

hematoma

swelling caused by an accumulation of clotted blood in the tissue

hemorrhage

rapid flow of blood

hemostasis

stoppage of bleeding

lipids

fats and fatlike substances that serve as a source of fuel in the body

allergen

environmental substance capable of producing an immediate hypersensitivity in the body

allergist

physician who studies and treats allergic conditions

antibiotic

drug that targets microorganisms to kill or halt growth or replication

antibody

substance produced by lymphocytes that inactivates or destroys antigens

antigen

a substance that triggers an immune response when introduced into the body

immune

being resistant to specific invading pathogens

immunity

state of being protected

immunodeficiency

deficient immune response caused by the immune system dysfunction brought on by disease

phagocytosis

process in which some of the white blood cells destroy the invading microorganism and old cells

toxin

poison formed by a cell or organism

allergy

hypersensitivity to a substance

anaphylaxis

a life-threatening reaction to a previously encountered antigen

anemia

reduction in the amount of red blood cells in the blood

autoimmune disease

disease caused by the body’s inability to distinguish its own cells from foreign bodies, thus producing antibodies that attack its own tissue

hypercholesterolemia

excessive amount of cholesterol in the blood; associated with the heightened risk of CV disease

hyperlipidemia

excessive amount of fats in the blood

hypertriglyceridemia

excessive amount of triglycerides in the blood

infectious mononucleosis

acute infection caused by the Epstein-Barr virus, characterized by swollen lymph nodes, sore throat, fatigue, and fever

leukemia

malignant disease characterized by excessive increase in abnormal leukocytes formed in the bone marrow

lymphedema

tissue swelling due to lymphatic obstruction

nosocomial infection

an infection acquired during hospitalization

sepsis

systemic infection

septic

pertaining to systemic infection

bone marrow biopsy

procedure to obtain a sample of bone marrow usually from the ilium to study

complete blood count

basic blood screening including RBC, hemoglobin, hematocrit, rbc, morphology, WBC, differential, and thrombocytes

differential count

a blood test to determine the amount of the different types of white blood cells (neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes)

erythrocyte sedimentation rate

a blood test for inflammatory activity in the body

hematocrit

blood test to measure the volume of erythrocytes

hemoglobin

blood test to determine the concentration of oxygen carrying components

lipid profile

blood test to measure the amount and type of lipids in a sample of blood

prothrombin time

blood test that measures how long it takes blood to clot; can be used to determine effectiveness of anticoagulant medication

bone marrow transplant

infusion of health bone marrow cells to a recipient with matching cells from a donor

immunization

administration of an agent to provide immunity

infusion

slow and/or prolonged intravenous delivery of a drug or fluids

vaccine

suspension of inactivated microorganisms administered by injection, mouth, or nasal spray to prevent infectious diseases by inducing immunity