Psychology of Women Exam 3 Study Guide

The stereotype that women are the more emotional sex ___________________.

is found in most cultures around the world

Anger, contempt, and pride are all _____________.

male-stereotyped emotions

Sympathy, shyness, love, and sadness are all ______________.

Female-stereotyped emotions

When undergraduates viewed film clips designed to stimulate either happiness, sadness, or fear, ________________.

Women were more facially expressive than men, but men showed more skin conductance reactivity to the fear films than did women.

What of these is/are part of the socialization of gendered emotions in children?

Mothers use more emotion words than fathers do, mothers display more intense facial expressions of emotion to daughters compared with sons, and mothers talk about emotions more with daughters than with sons.

(All of these are TRUE)

Adults were shown a videotape of an infant's emotional responses to a jack-in-the-box. The results indicated that __________.

When the infant was labeled "boy," the emotions were labeled "anger," and when the infant was labeled "girl," the emotions were labeled "fear."

Gender socialization of emotion _____________________

Continues into adulthood

Display rules are _________.

A culture's rules for what emotions can be expressed.

Facial electromyography, skin conductance, and electroencephalograms are all ____________.

Ways that researchers measure emotion.

In regard to reading others facial expression of emotion ___________.

Women are more skilled than men.

Research on gender and heart disease indicates all of the following EXCEPT

women's heart disease is aggravated by estrogen.

The term "follicular phase" refers to the _______________.

Phase of the menstrual cycle that precedes ovulation.

"Dysmenorrhea" refers to ____________.

Painful menstruation

All of the following are problems with the research on the relationship between hormones and moods in women, EXCEPT

The research is phallocentric

All of the following are true of the female endocrine system, EXCEPT:

estrogen levels increase at menopause

Which of the following is NOT true of hormone therapy (HT) during menopause

HT causes osteoporosis

Which of the below statements is FALSE

Abortion rates are increasing each year in the U.S.

Currently, the recommended procedure for treating breast cancer that has spread to the muscle and lymph nodes is _________________.

Radical mastectomy

Cervical cancer is caused by __________.

Human papillomavirus

Which of the following is NOT a potential mode of HIV transmission?

All of these possible answers modes of HIV

Unlike the FBI's old definition of rape, the updated definition __________.

Indicates victims and perpetrators can be any gender.

The group of individuals that experiences the HIGHEST prevalence of sexual violence, such as rape, is _____________.

Bisexual women

According to Pryor's model, the man who sexually harasses is _____________.

Both high in the likelihood to sexually harass and in a situation conducive to harassment.

According to one national survey, a woman has a _____ percent lifetime chance of being a victim of rape, whereas a man has a _____ percent lifetime chance of being a victim of rape.

15; 2

Which factor reduces a man's likelihood of raping?

Empathy

Risk-need-responsivity (RNR) is ___________.

A standard treatment for incarcerated sex offenders.

An alternative program for the treatment of both rapists and their victims is ___________.

Restorative justice

Globally, approximately ______ percent of women over the age 15 have experienced intimate partner violence.

30

Of all women murdered in the United States each year, approximately _____ percent are murdered by their current or former husband/partner.

50

Partner violence that occurs in one generation and repeats itself in the next generation is termed ___________.

Intergenerational transmission of partner violence

In the U.S., the gender ratio for depression is approximately _____ females for every ________ male.

2, 1

Research on genetics and depression shows that _________.

Carriers of the 5-HTTLPR gene with s/s genotype have an 80% of developing depression.

In Abramson's learned hopelessness theory, _______ is vulnerability and _______ is/are the stress.

Negative cognitive style, negative life events

Which of these is NOT a consequence of heavy drinking for women

All of these potential answers are consequences for women of heavy '

"Overcontrol of eating for loss of weight, sometimes to the point of starvation" is the definition of ____________.

Anorexia nervosa

The disorder in which persons binge on food and then force themselves to vomit in order to remain thin is termed ___________.

Bulimia

Drug treatment with antidepressants for eating disorders _____________.

Has little evidence for effectiveness.

Effective programs for the prevention of eating disorders emphasize ____________.

Healthy weight control behaviors, building self-esteem, critical analysis of the thin ideal in our culture.

(ALL OF THESE POSSIBLE ANSWERS ARE TRUE)

Which of the following is NOT a reasonable conclusion from the Broverman study of clinician's judgments of mental health for males and females?

Female clinicians are less likely to be sexist in their standards of mental health than are male clinicians.

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) _____________.

Is the term for PMS in the DSM

It is impossible to understand the female role without also understanding the male role, because both are firmly rooted in ____________.

The gender binary

_______________ are central to masculinity and the male role.

Power and dominance

Gender segregated play and gender typing of toys and activities seem to have _____________.

Mutually reinforcing effects

In men, vasocongestion produces ______________.

Erection of the penis

Which group has the highest unemployment rate?

African American men

Regarding the psychology of male sexuality, _____________ has historically been a central aspect of masculinity.

Heterosexuality

According to the gender role identity paradigm, ___________.

appropriate gender-role identity is necessary for good psychological adjustment.

According to the gender role strain paradigm, _____________.

ALL OF THESE ANSWERS ARE TRUE

Andropause refers to ____________.

A time of declining testosterone levels in middle-aged men.

Acculturation for American Indian men has had the effects of _____________.

Increasing male dominance