OB

Almond-shaped reproductive organs responsible for ovum production and hormone secretion, including estrogen and progesterone.

Ovaries

Funnelform structure with parts like Interstitial, Isthmus, Ampulla, and Infundibulum, crucial for egg transport and fertilization.

Fallopian Tube

Reproductive organ with parts like Corpus, Isthmus, and Cervix, involved in menstruation, pregnancy, and labor.

Uterus

Organ of copulation with parts like Vaginal Wall, Mucus, and Opening, serving as a passageway for menses, penis, and fetus.

Vagina

Involves ovulation, hormonal changes, and phases like Proliferative, Estrogenic, Follicular, and Post-menstrual, crucial for ovum maturation and endometrial renewal.

Menstrual Cycle

Increase in estrogen levels occurs on the 13th day of the menstrual cycle.

Estrogen Levels

The thickness of the uterus or endometrium increases during the menstrual cycle.

Uterine Thickness

Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is suppressed to halt estrogen stimulation.

FSH Suppression

The hypothalamus triggers the release of Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH).

GnRH Initiation

The release of an egg from the ovary occurs on the 14th day of the menstrual cycle.

Ovulation

Phase characterized by increased progesterone levels and thickening of the endometrium.

Secretory Phase

Phase marked by elevated luteinizing hormone (LH) levels.

Luteal Phase

The phase where menses occur, typically lasting from day 1 to day 5 of the cycle.

Menstrual Phase

Definitions of terms like Menarche, Amenorrhea, Dysmenorrhea, Menopause, and others related to menstruation.

Menstrual Cycle Terms

OZEF - Ovum, Zygote, Embryo, Fetus - representing stages from ovulation to birth.

Fetal Growth Stages

PEF - Pre-Embryonic, Embryonic, Fetal - outlining the stages from fertilization to birth.

Fetal Development Stages

Details on structures like amniotic membrane, trophoblast, and their functions during pregnancy.

Embryonic Structures

The normal volume of amniotic fluid ranges from 800-1200mL.

Volume

The pH of amniotic fluid is typically 7.0-7.5, indicating an alkaline nature.

pH

Amniotic fluid is composed of 99% water and 1% solid particles.

Composition

Abnormal colors include greenish (meconium staining), red/pink (bleeding), dark yellow/golden yellow (hyperbilirubinemia), gray/cloudy (infection), and dark brown/tea-colored/cola-colored (fetal death).

Color of Amniotic Fluid

Abnormal volumes include oligohydramnios (

Volume of Amniotic Fluid

Fern test, Nitrazine test, and Amniocentesis are diagnostic tests used to assess amniotic fluid composition and fetal well-being.

Diagnostic Tests

The fetus undergoes organogenesis with the formation of ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm layers, leading to the development of various organ systems.

Fetal Development

Methods such as DFMC, ultrasound, Kleihauer-Betke’s test, BPP/BPS, NST, and CST are used to assess fetal well-being and detect distress during pregnancy.

Fetal Assessment

Naegle’s rule, Bartholomew’s rule, McDonald’s rule, Haase’s rule, and Johnson’s rule are used to estimate expected date of birth, fundic location, fetal age, fetal height, and fetal weight respectively.

Rules of Pregnancy

Large for Gestational Age, a term used when the baby weighs over 3500 grams at birth.

LGA

Fundal Height, measured in centimeters, used to estimate fetal growth and well-being.

FH

Refers to the fundal height measurement when the pregnancy is not engaged in the pelvis.

N (UNENGAGE)

Refers to the fundal height measurement when the pregnancy is engaged in the pelvis.

N (ENGAGE)

Abnormal, indicating a fundal height measurement that deviates from the expected range.

ABN

Indicators that suggest a woman may be pregnant, including presumptive, probable, and positive signs.

Signs of Pregnancy

A breast change characterized by small bumps on the areola.

Montgomery's Sign

Increased need to urinate, particularly in the first and third trimesters of pregnancy.

Urinary Frequency

The first fetal movements felt by the mother, usually around 18-22 weeks of pregnancy.

Quickening

Softening of the cervix, a probable sign of pregnancy.

Goodell's Sign

Bluish discoloration of the vagina, another probable sign of pregnancy.

Chadwick's Sign

Definitive indicators of pregnancy, such as fetal heart rate and movement seen on ultrasound.

Positive Signs

The total number of pregnancies a woman has had, including both live and stillbirths.

Gravida (G)

The number of viable pregnancies a woman has had, where the fetus could survive outside the uterus.

Para (P)

The dietary requirements during pregnancy, including weight gain and caloric needs.

Nutrition

Various methods used to alleviate pain during childbirth, such as the Bradley and Lamaze methods.

Pain Management During Labor

The four stages of labor, including cervical changes, fetal descent, and placental delivery.

Stages of Labor

Vaginal discharge postpartum, progressing from red (rubra) to pink/brown (serosa) to whitish (alba).

Lochia

Describes the psychological stages a woman goes through postpartum, including taking in, taking hold, and letting go.

Reva Rubin's Theory

Potential issues that may arise during the first trimester, such as abortion, both spontaneous and induced.

Sudden Pregnancy Complications

Fetal death with retention of products of conception in the uterus.

Retention after death

Abortion where the cervix is open and fetal heart rate is absent.

Inevitable abortion

Abortion with closed cervix, positive fetal heart rate, and slight bleeding.

Threatened abortion

Abortion due to infection.

Septic abortion

More than 3 consecutive abortions often due to incompetent cervix.

Habitual abortion

Implantation of the embryo outside the uterus.

Ectopic pregnancy

Ectopic pregnancy before 12 weeks with symptoms like BUNP.

Unruptured Ectopic Pregnancy

Ectopic pregnancy after 12 weeks with symptoms like SSHBR.

Ruptured Ectopic Pregnancy

Premature cervical dilation leading to pregnancy loss.

Incompetent Cervix

Abnormal proliferation of trophoblasts with symptoms like LGA and grape-like vesicles.

Hydatidiform Mole

Low-lying placenta leading to painless bright-red vaginal bleeding.

Placenta Previa

Premature separation of the placenta causing painful dark-red vaginal bleeding.

Abruptio Placenta