Transport across the cell membrane

Passive Transport

Doesn’t require energy, High to Low concentration, Diffusion, Osmosis, Facilitated diffusion

Active Transport

Requires energy, Low to High Concentration, Endocytosis, Exosytosis, Protein pumps

Diffusion

Movement of molecules from high to low concentration. Happens with small, nonpolar molecules

Osmosis

Diffusion of water through membrane. Uses no energy and directed depends on solute concentration outside the cell

Hypotonic

Cells swell (water enters) into the cell

Hypertonic

Cells shrink (exits water) out of cell

Facilitated Diffusion

Passive movement with the help of protein channels, for larger or polar molecules like glucose

Endocytosis

Cell engulfs large molecules or fluids into vesicles

Exocytosis

Cell expels large material via vesicles