Chapter 19: Microbial disease of skin and wounds

Structures of the skin

Barrier to microbes and hold water and regulate temp and vitamins D assist formation and sensory receptors.

Skin

Composed if dermis and epidermis and is a basal cell and active growing

Wounds

Cuts, scrapes, surgery, burns, bite and also allowed microbes to infect the deeper tissue of the body

Microbiome of the Skin don’t survive due to

Higher salt concentration and sebum (oil) and lower ph which is also opportunistic.

Microbiome of the skin

Yeast(malassezia), gram positive(staphylococcus) and pathogenic microbes may be produces disease.

Folliculitis

Is an infection is the hair follicle called a pimple and spread of infection can produce a furuncle (boil). Caused by staphylococcus (staphylococcus epidermidis) and transmitted via direct contacts and forties and spread into blood/move to organs beyond skin.

Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome (SSSS)

Skin becomes red and wrinkled and forms blisters and to peal, looks like a burn. Caused from staphylococcus aureus.

Impetigo

Red patches from on the face and limbs and is a pus-filled vesicles that crust. Caused 80% Staphylococcus aureus and 20% Streptococcus pyogenes.

Erysipelas

Streptococcus caused and spread to the lymph nodes which creates reddening occurring on face, arms, legs. Treated with penicillin.

Cellulitis

Caused by Group A Beta-hemolytic streptococcus and infects deeper dermis and subcutaneous fat and treated with IV antibiotics and or through oral medication

Necrotizing Fascitis

Redness and intense pain with swelling at infectious site and is caused by streptococcus pyogenes which enters through breaks in the skin

Acne

Cause by cutibacterium acne’s which is a gram positive rod-shaped diptheroids.

Cat Scratch Disease

Symptoms can include fever, malaise, localized swelling at infection site. Caused by bartonella henselae, transmitted by cat bites or scratched and by blood-sucking arthropods.

Pseudomonas infection

Blood infection causes fever and chills and shock and caused blue-green color from the bacterial pigment, pyocyanin, occurs in massive infections which is mainly caused by pseudomonas aeruginosa is causative agent which is a gram negative bacillus and found in soil and decaying material and hospital surfaces.

Spotted fever rickettsiosis

Rocky Mountain spotted fever which comes with non-itchy spotted rash and organ failure from rickettsia rickettsii which is a gram-negative transmitted via bite of an infected tick.

Cutaneous Anthrax

Caused by bacillus anthracis which is shed from infected animal characterized by an eschar which are black, painless ulcer.

Gas Gangrene

Dean of muscle and connective tissue caused by several clostridium species (C. Perfringens) and can survive in harsh conditions.

Viruses

System is often produce signs and symptoms in the skin

Poxviruses

Smallpox which was the first in human to be eradicated and a DNA virus. Smallpox stains: variold major and minor

Herpes infections

Hermetic gingivostomatitis occur in oral cavity and whitlow may occur in the fingers and …