Redox reactions

What do all acids contain?

H+ ions

What makes a chemical a base?

a base can neutralise an acid to produce a salt

What are the products of reacting a metal carbonate with an acid?

the salt, carbon dioxide and water

What are alkalis?

bases that dissolve in water

All group 1 metal hydroxides are…

soluble in water and can form alkalis

What are the products when an alkali reacts with an acid?

a salt and water

What type of reaction is oxygen gained in?

Oxidation reaction

What type of reaction is oxygen lost in?

reduction reaction

What is a redox reaction?

an oxidation reaction paired with a reduction reaction

What type of reaction removes hydrogen?

Oxidation

What type of reaction adds hydrogen?

reduction

Loss of electrons?

oxidation

gaining electrons?

reduction

What is the chemical accepting the electrons in a reaction called?

oxidising agent

What is the chemical donating the electrons in a reaction called?

reducing agent

If an atom has lost electrons it will have a ------- oxidation number.

positive

If an atom has gained electrons it will have a ------- oxidation number.

negative

What is the oxidation number of a pure element?

zero

What is always the oxidation number of fluorine?

-1

What is usually the oxidation number of oxygen?

-2

When does oxygen have an oxidation number of -1?

peroxides

When does oxygen have an oxidation number of +2?

When reacted with fluorine

What is usually the oxidation of halogens chlorine, bromine and iodine when reacted?

-1

When can the halogens chlorine, bromine and iodine have a positive oxidation number?

if they react with fluorine or oxygen

What is the oxidation number of hydrogen?

+1 unless it is combined with a metal in which case it is -1

What is the oxidation number of group 1 metals?

+1

What is the oxidation number of group 2 metals?

+2

What is the oxidation number of aluminium?

+3

What is the oxidation number of transition metals?

vary depending on compound

What must the oxidation numbers of the atoms in a compound add up to?

The total charge on the compound