Blood bank practical

Acute hemolytic transfusion reaction

Patient has fever, chills, hypotension, pain at site of transfusion and lower back pain.

DAT was negative, elevated Bilirubin and elevated plasma Hgb.

Delayed hemolytic transfusion reaction

Patient has fever, unexplained decrease in Hgb, HCT and he is Jaundiced. He was transfused 3 days ago.

DAT is positive and the post-transfusion antibody screen is positive.

Febrile nonhemolytic transfusion reaction

Patient has fever, chills, rigors, headache and vomiting.

DAT was negative and the test for HLA antibodies was positive.

What blood product would you give to a patient suffering from a Febrile hemolytic transfusion reaction?

Leukoreduced blood products

Allergic transfusion reaction

Patient has rash, hives, and flushing in their skin

The DAT was negative

What blood products would you give to a patient suffering from an Allergic transfusion reaction?

Washed Red Blood cells

Anaphylactic transfusion reaction

Patient has hypotension, Respiratory distress, wheezing, coughing but no fever

DAT was negative, and IgA antibody and antigen tests were done

What blood product would you give to a patient suffering from a Anaphylactic transfusion reaction?

Deglycerized RBCs, IgA deficient products

TRALI

Patient has fever, chills, shortness of breath, non-productive cough, new onset of bilateral pulmonary edema and hypertension

DAT was negative and a chest X-ray confirmed the pulmonary edema

What blood product would you give to a patient suffering from TRALI?

FFP from a male donor

Graft Vs Host disease

Patient has fever, rash, abnormal liver function, diarrhea, and pancytopenia.

HLA typing was done to identify the donor and recipient compatibility and proved incompatible.

What blood product would you give to a patient suffering from Graft vs Host disease?

Irradiated blood products

TACO

Patient has acute respiratory distress, cough, pulmonary edema, hypertension

Tests were done to rule out TRALI. He has received 3 units in 1 hour

What can be done to prevent TACO?

Slow the transfusion rate

Transfusion associated sepsis

Patient has fever, chills, shaking and hypotension. He was recently given a blood transfusion and shows signs of infection.

A gram stain and a blood culture on the recepient was done and both results came back positive

What would you give to a patient suffering from transfusion associated sepsis?

Broad-spectrum antibiotics to treat the infection.

What can packed Red Blood Cells treat?

Anemia

What is the storage and transportation of Red Blood cells?

Red Blood Cells are stored at 1-6°C and transported at 1-10°C with ice

What can washed Red Blood cells treat?

Anemia, IgA deficiency, or repeated allergic reactions

What is the storage and transportation of Washed Red Blood cells?

Washed Red Blood Cells are stored at 1-6°C and transported at 1-10°C with ice, ensuring reduced risk of allergic reactions.

What can Frozed Red Blood cells treat?

Anemia on patients that require rare units

What is the storage and transportation of Frozen Red Blood cells?

Frozen Red Blood Cells are stored at -65°C and can be transported at 1-10°C

What can Leuko-reduced RBCs treat?

Prevent/reduce febrile reaction, HLA

What is the storage and transportation for Leuko-reduced Red cells?

Leuko-reduced Red Cells are stored at 1-6°C and transported at 1-10°C with ice

What can platelet concentrate treat?

Thrombocytopenia and platelet function problems

What is the storage and transportation of platelet concetrates?

Platelet concentrates are stored at 20-24°C with continuous agitation and transported at 20-24°C.

What can pooled platelets treat?

Thrombocytopenia and platelet function problems

What is the storage and transportation of pooled platelets?

Pooled platelets are stored at 20-24°C with continuous agitation and are transported at 20-24°C.

What can platelet apheresis treat?

Thrombocytopenia and platelet function problems

what is the storage and transportation of plateletpheresis?

Plateletpheresis is stored at 20-24°C with continuous agitation and is transported at 20-24°C.

What can fresh frozen plasma treat?

Deficiency of the coagulation factors

What is the storage and transportation of Fresh frozen plasma?

Fresh frozen plasma is stored at -18°C or colder for 1 year and can be transported at refrigerated temperatures (1-6°C) for up to 24 hours.

What can Cryoprecipitate treat?

Hemophilia A, Von Willerbrands disease, and low fibrinogen

What is the storage and transportation for Cryoprecipitate?

Cryoprecipitate is stored at -18°C or colder for up to 1 year, thawed at 30-37°C and stored at 20-24°C for 6 hours. 4 hours if pooled

What can irradiated blood products treat?

Reduce graft vs host disease

What is the storage and transportation of Irradiated blood products?

Stored at 1-6°C and transported at 1-10°C with ice

What can granulocytes treat?

Neutropenia with infections that is unresponsive to antibiotics

What is the storage and transporation of granulocytes?

Stored at 20-24°C and transported at the same temperature in a insulated box

What blood product would you give to a patient with low hemoglobin and with CHD?

Packed Red cells

What blood product would you give to a patient on renal dialysis with 8.0 Hgb and no symptoms of dizziness?

Nothing

What blood product would you give to a patient that is IgA deficient with anti-igA?

Washed Red Blood cells

What blood product would you give to a patient who has experienced more than one febrile transfusion reaction from the past transfusion?

Leukocyte-reduced red cells

What blood product would you give to a patient in chemotherapy with a 5,000 pletelet count?

platelet concentration

What blood product would you give to a patient who is refractory to random donor platelets?

HLA matched

What blood product would you give to a patient who needs blood that is negative for a high incidence antigen because they have anti-K?

Frozen deglycerized RBCs

What blood product would you give to a patient who is on coumadin with a PT of 35 seconds?

FFP

What blood product would you give to a patinet who has a white count of 0.4 × 10³ /L with a fever and has no response to antibiotics?

Granulocytes

What blood product would you give to a patient who has been diagnosed with hemophilia A?

Factor VIII concentrate

What blood product would you give to a patient who needs fibrinogen replacement?

Cryoprecipitate

What is the minimal qualification for age in blood donation?

At least 17 years old

What is the minimal qualification for weight in blood donation?

At least 110 pounds (50 kg)

What is the minimal qualification for temperature in blood donation?

A donor's temperature must be less than 99.5°F (37.5°C).

What is the minimal qualification for pulse in blood donation?

A donor's pulse must range from 50 to 100 beats per minute.

What is the minimal qualification for Blood pressure in blood donation?

Systolic → no higher than 180 mm Hg

Distolic → No higher than 100 mm Hg

What is the minimal qualification for Hemoglobin in blood donation?

A donor's hemoglobin level must be at least 12.5 g/dL

What is the minimal qualification for Hematocrit in blood donation?

More than 38%

A patient with HIV, Hepatitis or HTLV 1 or 2 is permanent or temporarily deferred?

Permanently deferred from donating blood.

A patient with family history of Creutzfeldt-Jakobs disease is permanent or temporarily deferred?

Permanently deferred from donating blood.

A patient with history of Babesiosis or chagas is permanent or temporarily deferred?

Permanently deferred from donating blood.

A patient with cirrhosis is permanent or temporarily deferred?

Permanently deferred from donating blood

A patient with multiple sclerosis is permanent or temporarily deferred?

Permanently deferred from donating blood

A patient with polycythemia is permanent or temporarily deferred?

Permanently deferred from donating blood.

A patient that has lived in europe or visited for longer than 3 months during 1980-1996 is permanent or temporarily deferred?

Permanently deferred from donating blood.

A patient with diagnosis of malaria is permanent or temporarily deferred?

Temporarily deferred for 3 years

A patient that has lived in an endemic area for malaria is permanent or temporarily deferred?

Temporarily deferred for 3 years

A patient with tattoos done in places considered as unsanitary are permanent or temporarily deferred?

Temporarily deferred for 1 year after tattoo

A patient that has been exposed to a needle stick accident is permanent or temporarily deferred?

Temporarily deferred for 1 year due to potential exposure to bloodborne pathogens.

A person that has been incarcerated for longer than 72 hours is permanent or temporarily deferred?

Temporarily deferred for 1 year due to risk of infections.

A person that has been in contact with someone with Hepatitis is permanent or temporarily deferred?

Temporarily deferred for 1 year

A person that is currently in therapy for syphilis or gonorrhea is permanent or temporarily deferred?

Temporarily deferred until 1 year after treatment completion and resolution of symptoms.

A person that has traveled to a place were malaria is endemic is permanent or temporarily deferred?

Temporarily deferred for 1 year after return to rule out malaria

A person that has taken the Hepatitis B vaccine is permanent or temporarily deferred?

Temporarily deferred for 1 year after vaccination

A person that has had sexual contact with an individual at high risk for HIV is permanent or temporarily deferred?

Temporarily deferred for 1 year

A person that has been transfused with blood components is permanent or temporarily deferred?

Temporarily deferred for 1 year after transfusion

A person that has traveled to Iraq is permanent or temporarily deferred?

Temporarily deferred for 1 year after return

A person whose last donation was the day before is permanent or temporarily deferred?

Temporarily deferred for 56 days after the last donation. (8 weeks)

A person who just had a miscarriage is permanent or temporarily deferred?

Temporarily deferred for 6 weeks

A person who had rubella is permanent or temporarily deferred?

Temporarily deferred for 4 weeks.

A person who had varicella zoster is permanent or temporarily deferred?

Temporarily deferred for 4 weeks.

A person who has been infected with ZIKA is permanent or temporarily deferred?

Temporarily deferred for 4 weeks.

A person who currently is on medications like Porscar, accutane and propecia is permanent or temporarily deferred?

Temporarily deferred for 4 weeks.

A person who just had their measles vaccine is permanent or temporarily deferred?

Temporarily deferred for 2 weeks

A person who just had their mumps vaccine is permanent or temporarily deferred?

Temporarily deferred for 2 weeks.

A person who just had their polio vaccine is permanent or temporarily deferred?

Temporarily deferred for 2 weeks.

A person who just had their yellow fever vaccine is permanent or temporarily deferred?

Temporarily deferred for 2 weeks.

A person who is an aspirin donor is permanent or temporarily deferred?

Temporarily deferred for 3 days.

A person who is on blood pressure meds is permanent or temporarily deferred?

No deferral

A person who is breastfeeding is permanent or temporarily deferred?

No deferral

A person who is on birth control is permanent or temporarily deferred?

No deferral

A person who is currently taking vitamins is permanent or temporarily deferred?

No deferral

A person who has a hernia is permanent or temporarily deferred?

No deferral

A person who has glaucoma is permanent or temporarily deferred?

No deferral

A person who has kidney stone is permanent or temporarily deferred?

No deferral

A person who has allergies is permanent or temporarily deferred?

No deferral

Anticoagulant Acid citrate dextrose (ACD-A) will preserve the solution for how many days?

21 days

Anticoagulant Citrate phosphate dextrose (CPD) will preserve the solution for how many days?

21 days

Anticoagulant citrate phosphate dextrose adenide (CPDA-1) will preserve the solution for how many days?

35 days

Anticoagulant Citrate phosphate double dextrose (CP2D) will preserve the solution for how many days?

21 days

What are the key characteristics of ABO HDFN?

Can occur at any pregnancy, mom has to be group O blood type

What are key characteristics of Rh HDFN?

Usually occurs at the second pregnancy, an Rh postive infant born to an Rh negative mom