chp 8 cytology

what is the cell theory

the cell is the smallest unit of life that can maintain and perpetuate itself

what happens when a cell gets too large

as a cell grows in size the volume increases faster than its surface area

why is there a limit to how big cells can get

all living things are composed of cells, all cells arise from other cells

what nutrients go into a cell

02, glucose (ATP), amino acids, nucleotides, vitamins and minerals, h20

what waste products come out of a cell

c02, ammonia and urea, uric acid, h20

what is the surface area of a cell

126

what is the volume of a cell

4.2

what are prokaryotic cells

lack a nucleus

what are eukaryotic cells

possess a nucleus

what does karyo mean

nucleus

what are bacterial cell walls made up of

circular

what is the cytoplasm made up of

cell membrane

what shape is the chromosome inside of bacterial cells

what is the cell membrane

outer surface

what does semi permeable mean

allows things in and out

what is the bilayer made up of

phospholipid molecules with embedded proteins

what do all living cells need to be surrounded by

citoplasm

what are embedded in the cell membrane

cell, resp, protein, synthesis, DNA and RNA, coenzymes, h20

what are enzymes

what are ion channels

specific for ions, lots to travel through

what are transporter proteins

active transport, needs ATP

what are receptor site proteins

target for medications, hormone, neurotransmitter (brain signals)

what are recognition site proteins

white blood cells

what are immunosuppressant drugs

transplanting autoimmune suppressant drugs

what are autoimmune diseases

corticosteroids

what is diffusion

movement of a substance

what are the four factors that affect the rate of diffusion

the difference in concentration, the size of molecule or substance, lipid soluble verses water soluble substances, temp