ARAB STATEHOOD- IRAQ

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55 Terms

1
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Turkish vilayets that made up Iraq

Mosul, Baghdad and Basra

2
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% of Iraq who are Iraqi Arabs

75-80%

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% of Iraq who are Kurds

15-20%

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% of Iraq who are Shia

61%

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% of Iraq who are Sunni

34%

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King of Iraq 1921-1933

Faisal I

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King of Iraq 1933-39

Ghazi I

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King of Iraq 1939-1958

Faisal II

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Iraq given independence by Britain

1932

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terms of Iraqi independence in 1932

Britain maintain control of oil and air bases

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Iraq join Baghdad Pact

1955

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success of Iraq in the Baghdad Pact

very unpopular with civilians

Iraq leave in 1958

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main difference between Faisal I and Ghazi

Ghazi less authoritative than his father, leading to the military taking control of the government

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Nuri al-Said becomes prime minister for the first time

1930

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Iraqi free officers coup

1958, abolished monarchy, negotiated more control of oil, withdrew from Baghdad pact

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baathist seizure of power in Iraq

1963 with the support of the Army, Ramadan Revolution

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Saddam hussein becomes vice president of Iraq

1968

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Saddam hussein becomes president of Iraq

1979

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changes to government under Hussein

government is totalitarian, dictatorial

high levels of violence and torture used to oppress Iraqi people

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first act done by Saddam

mass trial and execution of 21 men televised

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ceasefire with Iran

1988

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invasion of Kuwait

1990

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US invasion of Iraq

2003

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Saddam hussein executed

2006

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impact of Iraqi involvement with the Baghdad pact

pact put them out of favour with some Arabs, such as Nasser in Egypt

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iraq involvement with OPEC

join in 1960

involved in embargo during the Yom Kippur war

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number of dollars to the dinar in October 1973

3.3

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success of iran-iraq war for Saddam

international recognition- Kuwait and the other oil states supported Saddam, showing Arab unity and was supported by the USA who were anti-Iran

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failure of iran-iraq war for Saddam

loss of men and resources

lack of territorial gain

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failure of the invasion of Kuwait

very unpopular within the Arab world and wider internationally- most condemned his actions and leads to first gulf war

led to trade sanctions, UN involvement and ruined his reputation as an Arab leader

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protests in iraq 1952

about Britain owning the Iraqi Petroleum Company lead to profits being split equally with the British government

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rate of literacy iraq 1945

10.9

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rate of literacy iraq 1950

12.2

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literacy rate iraq 1965

24.2

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literacy rate iraq 1980

40.4

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political diversity under early baathists

Sunni majority in government but increasing numbers of shiites- wanted to demonstrate unity

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oil in iraq is nationalised

1972

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social improvements in iraq under early baathists

electricity extended to the countryside

roads, bridges, hospitals, schools and dams built

women's rights improve

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example of university established under Iraqi baathists

University of Technology, 1975

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number of women pharmacists in iraq by 1978

70%

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rights given to women in 1970s

equal rights in marriage and divorce

equal right to children

inheritance can be directly passed to. them

citizenship can be passed through them

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it becomes punishable by death to leave the baathist party

1979

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attack on Halabja

1988, attack on a Kurdish village with chemical weapons

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casualties from attack on Halabja

5000 at the time, 12k as a result

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number of Kurds killed in iraq 1988-89

180k

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what % of Kurdish settlements had been destroyed by 1990

90%

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Iraqi uprisings

1991, ethnic and religious uprisings against Saddam hussein following the first gulf war

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number killed in the Iraqi uprisings

between 25k and 180k, mostly civilians

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% of population who voted for shiite parties in 2005

60%

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Iraqi revolution

1920, revolt against British rule

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leader of the Iraqi revolution

al-Khalissi but both sunni and Shia groups involved

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operation desert storm

1991, American-led attack on Iraqi forces after Iraq refused to withdraw its troops from Kuwait

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US soldiers withdraw from iraq

2011

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isis emerge in iraq

2013

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al-qaeda enter iraq

2004